关键词: 新疆和田地区, 地源性非常规饲料原料, 营养成分

Abstract: [Objective] To analyze the nutritional composition, anti-nutritional factors and related indicators of five unconventional feed ingredients from Moyu and Hotan Counties in Xinjiang, providing a reference for the development, promotion and application of local feed resources in animal husbandry. [Methods] A total of 50 kg each of five unconventional feed ingredients-grape pomace, pomegranate peel, reed, cottonseed, and wheat straw-were collected from Moyu and Hotan Counties in the Hotan region of Xinjiang. Moisture, nutritional composition, minerals, mycotoxins, and anti-nutritional factors were determined in these five unconventional feed ingredients to comprehensively evaluate their utilization value. [Results] Under natural air-drying conditions, the moisture content of the five unconventional ingredients was generally low, mostly ranging from 6% to 10%. The crude protein content of cottonseed （30.06%） was significantly higher than that of grape pomace （9.79%）, pomegranate peel （3.15%）, reed （3.66%）, and wheat straw （3.77%）. The crude fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and acid detergent fiber contents of reed were 32.44%, 67.94%, and 48.89%, respectively, all significantly higher （P<0.05） than those of grape pomace, pomegranate peel, and cottonseed. The crude fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and acid detergent fiber contents of wheat straw were 36.76%, 73.23%, and 50.84%, respectively, all significantly higher （P<0.05） than those of grape pomace, pomegranate peel, and cottonseed, with no significant differences from those of reed. The total sugar content of pomegranate peel （47.75%） was significantly higher （P<0.05） than that of grape pomace, reed, cottonseed, and wheat straw. The calcium content of grape pomace was significantly higher （P<0.05） than that of the other four ingredients, while the phosphorus content of cottonseed was significantly higher （P<0.05） than that of the other four ingredients. Except for pomegranate peel, the toxin contents （AFB₁, ZEN, DON） in the other four ingredients met the feed hygiene standards. The gossypol content in cottonseed complied with the feed hygiene standards. According to the Tables of Feed Composition and Nutritional Value in China （35th Edition）, the crude protein content of cottonseed is close to that of soybean meal, the crude fiber contents of reed and wheat straw are relatively high, and the crude protein content of grape pomace is close to that of maize. [Conclusion] The five unconventional feed ingredients can be precisely utilized according to differences in their nutritional composition. Cottonseed can serve as a protein supplement ingredient, partially replacing soybean meal in diet formulations; reed and wheat straw can be used as roughage ingredients to regulate dietary fiber levels; grape pomace can function as an auxiliary energy and protein supplement ingredient, replacing part of maize silage （at maturity）; pomegranate peel requires resolution of toxin and anti-nutritional factor issues and can only be used in small amounts as a functional additive, not as a primary ingredient.

Key words: Hotan region of Xinjiang, local unconventional feed ingredients, nutritional composition