Abstract: By cold stress treatment on five central plains tree peony cultivars including ＇Kunshan Yeguang＇, ＇Yanhong＇, ＇Shouanhong＇, ＇Shibahao＇ and ＇Mosajin ＇, the relative conductivity, the activities of SOD, the content of malonaldehyde and soluble sugar were measured, and the dynamic change law of physiological index were obtained. Research indicated the relative conductivity, the activities of SOD, the content of malonaldehyde and soluble sugar were all related to cold resistance of central plains tree peony. Comprehensive evaluation can draw strength in the order of the cold resistance： ＇Kunshan Yeguang＇：〉 ‘ Yanhong＇〉‘Shouanhong＇ 〉‘ Shibahao ＇ 〉‘ Mosajin ＇ .This research can provide theoretical basis for popularization and application of central plains tree peony cultivars in cold area.