Chickpeas have high nutritional value and are the third most important bean crop in the world.Chickpea distribution range,nutritional value and medicinal value are reviewed in this paper.Previous research undertaken on chickpeas is introduced,current problems and the development of countermeasures are described,and the future development of chickpeas in China is considered.The review provides a reference for research chickpeas.

Plant enzyme nutrition solution is an enzyme preparation that is generally made from natural plant tissues or crop residues such as leaves,flowers,and fruits,which are mixed with brown sugar and water,and then fermented for several months.It contains plentiful probiotics,nutrient elements,natural plant hormones,and organic acids,which can build a good soil micro-ecological environment and have an important ecological combined effect that can promote plant growth and so on. The research status of the plant enzyme nutrition solution on the preparation process,composition and applications was introduced,the prospect was envisioned,and the suggestions were also put forward.

【Objective】To reveal the current situation and water-saving potential of main crops irrigation in Hetao Irrigated Area and put forward optimization suggestions.【Methods】The irrigation situation was analyzed by using the survey data and literature data of 310 households in Hanggin Rear Banner.【Results】In this region, wheat, corn and sunflower were irrigated for many times with high irrigation quota, and the average crop irrigation water productivity was only 1.43 kg/m ³.By adopting water-saving planting technology and scientific irrigated in Autumn, the three main crops could save 200 million-315 million m ³ water per year.【Conclusion】Since the irrigation behavior and low water resource utilization efficiency in Hetao irrigated area, large water-saving space can be ture by combining the border irrigation and high efficient water-saving irrigation.

Genome editing technologies are powerful tools for studying plant gene function and crop improvement.In this review,the mechanism and difference between CRISPR/Cas9 and CRISPR/Cpf1 editing technology and their research progress in plants are reviewed,and the application prospect of genome editing technology in crop molecular breeding are revealed in order to provide a theoretical basis for genome editing technology in crop breeding.

Taking 57 new spring wheat strains as test materials, and Yongliang4 （CK1）, Nongmai2 （CK2） , Nongmai5 （CK3） as the control, the growth period of wheat, disease resistance, grain traits and plant agronomic traits and grain yield, the correlation of agronomic traits and grain yield and contribution of yield components were studied. The resuhs showed that the new varieties of increased yield were 2017j22, 2017j51 and 2017j52 compared with the three controls. In terms of tile growth period, these three strains have a growth period of nearly 90 days. In terms of disease resistance, leaf＇ rust is light or mediunl in these three strains. From the agronomic characters analysis, the three strains were characterized by groups, plant height between 75.3-82.1 era, plant number between 649.5-733.5 ten thousand/hm^2, tiller number between 466.5-594.0 ten thousand/hm^2, effective panicles between 36.1%-44.4%, the number of spike in 31.1-39.6 ten thousand/hm^2, 1000-grain weight between 38.1-39.7 grams, spike grain number between 35.9-45.5 grains/spike. At the same time, the cmTelation between grain number and grain yield was the largest, and the correlation coefficient reached 0.432.The diameter analysis showed that the number of grain per spike was the greatest contribution to grain yield, which was 1.846. The second was the nmnber of spike,and the contribution rate was 1.205. The indirect effect of the yield component was negative, and no contribution was shown. According to the analysis resuhs and the ecological conditions of Hohhot, the selection of new varieties of spring wheat should be based on the number of high panicle grains, while the number of panicles should be stable and the 1 000-grain weight should be increased.

【Objective】In order to find out the distribution and species of wild Morchella in Ordos City of Inner Mongolia. 【Methods】 ITS sequencing was used to identify the wild Morchella collected in Ordos area.【Results】The results showed that its sequence length of Morchella collected in Ordos area was 1 185 bp,of which CG was 54.43% and NCBI database was MN872380.【Conclusion】Wild Morchella in Ordos area could be identified as yellow Morchella Morels,but its Latin name cannot be confirmed by itself alone,which needs to be further confirmed by LSU,EFla,RPB1 and RPB2.

To reveal the effects of different planting densities on dry matter accumulation, yield, and yield traits of medium-mature spring maize variety Guangde 5. the five density levels of Guangde 5 were taken as the object in this study, and 60 000,67 500,75 000,82 500,90 000 plants/hm^2 density were analyzed. The efteet of treatment on plant height, leaf area, dry matter accumulation, harvest index, yield, and yield traits of spring maize. The results showed that with the increase of the density, the plant height of Guangde 5 increased first and then decreased with the change trend of the single peak curve, and the plant height treated with 75 000 plants/hm^2, was the largest; the leaf area index increased gradually with the increase of the density-, and was larger. Before the trumpet stage, the difference was smalh The leaf area index under each density treatment at the beginning of the trumpet period was 90,000 plants/hm^2〉82 500 plants/hm^2〉 75 000 plants/hm^2〉67 500 plants/hm^2〉60 000 plants/hm^2;with the increase of the density-, the dry matter and population of substances gradually increased along with the growth period. The order of different planting densities on dry matter and population dry matter at different growth stages was 60 000 plants/hm^2〉67 500 plants/bm^2〉75 000 plants/hm^2〉82 500 plants/hm^2〉 and 90 000 plants/hm^2 and 75 000 plants/hm^2〉67 500 plants/hm^2〉82 500 plants/hm^2〉60 000 plants/hm^2〉90 000 plants/hm^2.The maximum grain yield and net yield of the 75 000 plants/hm^2, its value is 17 959.33 kg/hm^2 and 15 422.75 yuaan/hm^2. According to the comprehensive analysis of dry matter accunmlation, grain yield and net yield, the suitable planting density of Cuangde 5 is around 75 000 plants/hm^2.

One of the most important organs in plants is the root system. To maximize crop output potential,cultivating a healthy root system is critical. The growth,development,and configuration of maize root system have been studied extensively by researchers in China and overseas. This paper summarized the research results of maize root system characteristics,important factors affecting root system growth,root system configuration research methods,and main factors affecting root system configuration,based on the research progress of maize root system and its configuration,in order to provide a reference for future maize root system research.

Dryland tomato is widely loved because of their high sugar content,low acidity,fine sand,and having high nutritional value and so on,but the traditional method of crop planting adopts continuous cropping,and it brings great loss to dryland tomato. According to the continuous cropping obstacle on dryland tomato,the causes of continuous cropping obstacles were explained from three aspects in this paper,including of the deterioration of soil function,the occurrence of fungal soil-borne diseases,and the influence of allelochemicals. The effects of soil physical and chemical properties,the enzyme activities,and the microbial population structure changes on the mechanism of continuous cropping were analyzed. We also discussed the pathogenic mechanism of soil-borne diseases and the main components and sources of allelochemicals,and proposed measures of overcoming dryland tomato obstacle. The research progress on continuous dryland tomato production obstacle is in prospect.

In the process of plant growth,drought is an important factor restricting growth,development and yield.Humic acid （HA） plays an important role in many biological processes related to plant defense responses and morphological development.In this review,the effects of humic acid on plant morphology,physiology,biochemistry and molecular mechanisms under drought stress are reviewed.The effects of humic acid on the growth and development of plant roots and above ground plant parts under drought stress,and its effects at the plant physiological level on photosynthesis,osmotic regulation,antioxidative metabolism,hormones and mineral nutrition are discussed.The existing problems in the research of humic acid are summarized and the prospects for the application of humic acid in plant drought resistance are examined.

【Objective】 To explore the protein content,amino acid composition and nutritional value for different potato varieties in Inner Mongolia.【Methods】 The protein and amino acid composition of 575 fresh potatoes from the harvest season of 2016 to 2019 in Inner Mongolia were analyzed by microwave digestion - liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry.【Results】 The protein content of different potato varieties ranged from 0.95% to 3.55%,with an average value of（2.10±0.11）%,which was consistent with the national average.The total amount of 17 amino acids per gram of protein was 423.72-1 015.41 mg,and the ratio of essential amino acids to total amino acids was 43.2%,7.2 percentage points higher than the standard protein stipulated by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations（FAO）and the World Health Organization（WHO）.Among them,the content of amino acids of umami was higher,the variation of amino acids of different varieties was larger,and the content of Houqihong variety was the highest.【Conclusion】 Through different evaluation methods has been proved that the Xinjia No.2,Favorita and Houqihong was in the top three for their essential amino acid content and the proximity of model protein,amino acid ratio factor score and nutrition index score sorting,the three varieties had high protein content,not only their nutritional value more balanced,also high quality protein source,could be used as optimization of potato protein processing varieties.

To select maize varieties with tast kernel dehydration rate, 23 early-maturing maize high-generation lines and 4 inbred lines were used as experimental materials, and 92 combinations were used tor incomplete double-cross hybrid design to assess their ear yield traits and spikes. The 8 indicators were correlated with the dehydration rate of mature kernel by related analysis and path analysis. The resuhs showed that the ear coarseness, axis coarseness, kernel length, and 100- kernel weight were all significantly negatively correlated with the kernel dehydration rate ;the spike length was negatively correlated with the kernel dehydration rate but not significantly ; the water content of the coriander leaves during ripening and the water content of the kernel during harvest were all significantly negatively correlated with the kernel dehydration rate. The resuhs of path analysis showed that the direct pass coefficient of kernel length, axis thickness, ear diameter, kernel weight and kernel dehydration rate was negative; the coefficient of the water content of kernel during harvest and the moisture content of the coriander leaves was negative. When breeding fast dehydrated varieties, the ear should be chosen smaller and 100-kernel weight should not be too large and the combination of low moisture content of mature leaves.

The study provides reference materials for the research,breeding and variety identification germplasm resources of Elymus.The DNA fingerprints of 26 Elymus germplasm materials （including 9 Registered varieties）were constructed using ISSR and SRAP molecular markers and the genetic diversity was analyzed.The results were as follows：95 bands were amplified clearly using 10 single ISSR primers.90 of 95 bands are polymorphic and the percentage of polymorphic bands is 94.74%.In addition,110 bands were amplified clearly using 10 pairs of SRAP primers.100 of the 110 amplified bands are polymorphic and the percentage of polymorphic bands is 90.91%.The genetic similarity coefficient（GS）among the 26 examined Elymus germplasm materials was 0.57~0.89,with an average of 0.73,indicating a rich genetic diversity.UPGMA cluster analysis was carried out based on the GS values and the 26 Elymus germplasm materials were divided into four groups at the GS value of 0.67.The DNA fingerprints of 26 Elymus germplasm materials were constructed using the ISSR primer UBC818 and the SRAP primers me4+em16.

【Objective】In order to study the optimal NPK ratio for Brassica chinensis L..【Methods】Part of “3414” fertilizer effect strategy was used to design Brassica chinensis L. fertilization experiment. Combined with the changes of soil nutrient composition,the biomass and soil nutrient content of Brassica chinensis L. were compared under different treatments. 【Results】The fresh weight and NPK content of Brassica chinensis L. Using N ₂P ₂K ₂ fertilization strategy were significantly higher than other treatments. This strategy was highly beneficial to maintain the soil nutrition structure and prevent soil alkalization. It was determined that the N ₂P ₂K ₂ fertilization strategy was better.【Conclusion】 On this basis,the optimal fertilization strategy for Brassica chinensis L. was revised to be 2.373∶2∶2 by curve fitting of nitrogen fertilizer effect on the P ₂K ₂ level. Using the optimal NPK ratio,the fresh weight and NPK content of Brassica chinensis L. were close to the maximum point,making the return the highest.

To mitigate the harm of Cydia pomonella L.(codling moth) in apples,the mating disruption method of hanging silk in trees was studied.Results of the study showed that mating disruption can provide effective control of C.pomonella L.A control efficiency of 86.71% was obtained when silk was hung once.This decreased fruit damage and gave a significant economic benefit of 11 353 yuan per hm2.Hanging mating disruption silk twice further significantly reduced pests trapped and gave a mating disruption rate of up to 94.86%,and control efficiency of 95.83%.When silk was hung twice only 0.60% of fruit was damaged.Therefore,it is recommended that mating disruption silk be hung twice to improve the effectiveness of prevention.

Oats exhibit a wealth of carbohydrates,soluble dietary fiber,proteins,lipids,phenolic compounds,alkaloids,vitamins,and minerals. Among these,avenanthramide are compounds exclusively found in oats. This paper primarily reviewed the research progress related to nomenclature,classification,extraction methods,synthesis,content enhancement,structure-activity and antioxidant activity,as well as the bioavailability,and physiological activity of avenanthramide. It prospected the functional value of avenanthramide in food health and clinical medicine,as well as the optimization of chemical synthesis processes,aiming to offer insights for the development and utilization of avenanthramide.

Wheat is the most important triticeae crops in the world,and its grain hardness is related to the processing quality and edible quality,as well as enterprise benefit and farmer income.The crops of triticeae grain hardness test method,the relationship between the grain hardness and grain composition,grain hardness and molecular mechanism research progress,the grain hardness genes and research progress of the correlation of quality traits were summarized,and put forward the prospect for future development,aimed at triticeae crops genetic breeding and quality improvement to provide the reference.

【Objective】To investigate the drought tolerance of oat in morphology and structure.【Methods】Three water treatments of soil water content is 75%, 45% and 30% of the water holding capacity in the field were set up,and the effects of drought stress on oat Mengyan 1 yield,the dry matter quality at different growth stages,and the ultrastructure of epidermal cells and mesophyll cells in leaves at different filling stages were observed. 【Results】With the increase of the drought stress and the prolongation of time,the yield decreased significantly;the effect on the dry matter quality of the leaves was greater than that of the stems and ears;the structure of the leaf was more sensitive to the drought stress. With the increase of the drought stress time and degree,the number and area of leaf stomata decreased,and the density of epidermal hair decreased. The number of short cells of epidermis increased,while the fullness of epidermal cells decreased. With the increase of the drought stress time and degree,the area of mesophyll cells decreased,the number and area of chloroplast decreased,and the chromatin of nucleus gradually aggregated;the thylakoid gradually disintegrated and the mitochondria gradually expanded. Long-term severe drought stress leads to changes in the shape of the chloroplast and agglomeration between the chloroplasts. 【Conclusion】The above research indicated that the drought resistance of oat was strong.

The structure, the nature ,separation method and preparation method of phosphatidylserine are descriped in this papr. The health functions of phosphatidylserine such as improving the cognitive, treating of depression and easing tensions and so on are expounded as well.The application of phosphatidylserine in the food industry and pharmaceutical industry are prospected.

In The paper,the problems that existed in the peony tube seedlings transplanting and research situation are mentioned.In the end,we give some advice in peony tube seedling root and peony transplant tissue survival,in oreder to give some recommendations for future peony tissue culture research.

Sowthistles are formed by a class of functional plants with medicinal and edible value.Bitter cabbage is namedbecause of bitter,and wild resources are very rich.In this paper,the research status were summarized including the nutrition ingredient,gathering food,artificial cultivation,tissue culture,germination characteristics,karyotype analysis,bacteriostasis,active components,pharmacological and clinical application,development and utilization of sowthistles,and the future research and the development direction were envisioned.

The effects of the extraction of methanol phase,ethyl acetate phase,ethyl ether phase,petroleum ether phase and water phase of water-soaked peels of Pugionium cornutum （L.） Gaertn on the germination rates and growth of cabbage were investigated through the bioassay method,and the chemical compositions of the extracts were isolated and identified by GC-MS.The results showed that Pugionium cornutum （L.） Gaertn peels extracts inhibited cabbage seed germination and seedling growth,with the inhibitory effect in proportion to the extract concentration.Allelopathy comprehensive effects of the organic phases with different concentrations were between -0.01 and -0.49.At the same concentration,the inhibitory effects of the extracts of Pugionium cornutum （L.） Gaertn peels on the seed germination and seedling growth were：ethyl ether phase > ethyl acetate phase > methanol > water phase > petroleum ether phase,indicating that ethyl ether phase was the superior phase.Main organic compounds were identified in organic extracts from peels of Pugionium cornutum （L.） Gaertn,including phenolic aciods,organic acidr,alcohol,arenes,of which 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid 1H-Indene and 15-Crown-5 were the common material of all organic phase.Phthalic acid and 15-crown ether-5 were the common substances of each phase.The extracts of each isolated phase with > 0.75 g/mL concentration had strong inhibitory effects on the germination of cabbage seeds,the seedling height,and root length.

To study the situation of potato fertilization in Ulanqab,which is the main potato planting region in Inner Mongolia,a sampling survey of households in the city’s five potato planting counties was undertaken in 2016.The results indicated:In dry land,the total potato fertilizer input is 66.4-984.1 kg/hm2,and the average input is 330.9 kg/hm2;In irrigated land,the total potato fertilizer input is 118.5-2 211.9 kg/hm2,and average input is 796.3 kg/hm2.In irrigated land,the prominent existing problem is over-application of fertilizer.On the other hand,in dry land,there is a low input of potassium fertilizer.In dry land 77.2%of households used organic fertilizer;In irrigated land,only 20.3%of households used the organic fertilizer.Looking at the above factors,we should appropriately increase the topdressing proportion of nitrogen and potassium fertilizers,and should also reasonably confirm nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizer ratios in dry lands.In irrigated land,the amount of nitrogen and potassium fertilizer on potatoes should be reduced and the use of precise fertilization technology should be expanded.

【Objective】To understand the current situation of garden plant resources and application in park green spaces of Yuzhou District,Yulin City.【Methods】A survey of 10 artificial plant communities in park green spaces of Yuzhou district,Yulin City were conducted. The species resources and application of garden plants were statistically analyzed.【Results】There were 76 families,177 genera,and 261 species of garden plants in park green spaces of Yuzhou District,Yulin City,including 1 fern,8 gymnosperms and 252 angiosperms （consisting of 169 dicotyledonous plants and 83 monocotyledonous plants）. The dominant garden plant families were Palmae,Moraceae,Bambusoideae,Euphorbiaceae,Myrtaceae and Caesalpiniaceae. There were 105,84,4,and 68 species of trees,shrubs,woody climber,and herbs. Woody plants were mainly evergreen plants,and herbaceous plants were mainly perennial plants. A total of 19 hydrophytes and phreatophytes were found. There were 177,147,83,22,and 23 species of ornamental flower,foliage, fruit,stem,and aromatic plants,respectively.【Conclusion】The garden plant species in park green spaces of Yuzhou District,Yulin City were abundant. The dominant families of garden plants were mainly plants with tropical and subtropical origins. Evergreen trees were widely used. Garden plants were mainly ornamental flower,foliage and fruit plants.

The pastoral complex has received increasing attention and has become a research hotspot in the past two years.The land in the suburbs of China′s megacities is increasingly scarce.In order to use the scarce land resources in the suburbs of megacities to establish an pastoral complex,the concept of the pastoral complex,the main construction content,characteristics and functions are firstly discussed in this article.Then taking Beijing Daxing as an example,we put forward the idea of the construction of the pastoral complex in the suburbs of the megacity should be free from the traditional agricultural development road.Instead,it should be based on the demand of leisure and holiday tourism of urban residents,as this is the main demand driving consumption for the local pastoral complex.At the same time,it is also necessary to build a high-end scientific agriculture,with high integration of agricultural and technological innovation based on the pastoral complex.

【Objective】To improve the contradiction between maize high-densification for yield and lodging in western area of Inner Mongolia.【Methods】By means of improving soil fertility with different tillage methods, planting density gradient was set to analyze the effects of different soil fertility on stem lodging resistance and yield of maize.【Results】The soil fertility increased and the lodging rate of maize decreased. The stem thickness, stem puncture strength and stem break strength increased;and after increasing planting density,the effect of soil fertility reduced lodging rates.The lodging rates of Xianyu 696 and Ximeng 6 at low density were reduced by 0.33,1.41,2.50 and 0.51,1.78,2.67 percentage points,at low,medium,and high fertility respectively.After the increased density comparing with farm household shallow-rotation tillage（CK）.They were reduced by 0.59,1.95,3.71 and 0.68,2.30,3.90 percentage points respectively.Soil fertility improved and maize yield increased compared with farm household shallow-rotation tillage.When Xianyu 696 and Simeng 6 reached the highest grain yield,increased by 0.21 t/hm ² and 0.26 t/hm ² at low-fertility;increased by 0.73 t/hm ² and 0.86 t/hm ² at medium fertility;increased 1.41 t/hm ² and 1.68 t/hm ² at high fertility compared with farm household shallow-rotation tillage.【Conclusion】The improvement of soil fertility could reduce the lodging rate and increase the yield by increasing the stalk thickness,stem puncture strength and stem break strength.

【Objective】 In order to reveal the physiological response of different sugar beet varieties to saline-alkali stress and screen salt-alkali tolerant varieties.【Methods】 15 main sugar beet varieties were used as materials to simulate the effects of different degrees of salt-alkali stress（control,light,moderate and severe saline-alkali soil）on the growth and physiological indexes of sugar beet seedlings under natural soil conditions.【Results】 Compared with the control,the seedling emergence rate,fresh weight,dry weight and chlorophyll content of 15 sugar beet varieties decreased in varying degrees with the increase of salt-alkali stress.The five varieties of seedling emergence rate decreasing slightly： were MA3001,MA2070,KWS1176,KWS9149,MA079,and the five varieties of fresh weight decreasing slightly： were MA3001,KWS1176,KWS2323,NEI2499,BETA379,and the five varieties of dry weight decreasing slightly：were KWS1176,BETA5043,MA3001,MA079,BETA379.The decreases of MA3001 and KWS1176 were smaller so that these were the salt-alkali tolerant varieties.The plasmalemma permeability and MDA content in leaves of 15 sugar beet varieties increased with the increase of salt-alkali stress，and small the increase ofor the salt-alkali tolerant sugar beet seedlings was smaller.With the increase of salt-alkali stress，the SOD activity of 15 sugar beet varieties was different，and the POD activity of different varieties showed a single peak curve change，and SOD activity and POD activity of salt-alkali tolerant varieties decreased slightly in severe saline-alkali soil.【Conclusion】 MA3001 and KWS1176 are salt-alkali tolerant sugar beet varieties.They can effectively reduce the membrane lipid peroxidation and the plasmalemma permeability of leaves by strengthening the activity of antioxidant enzymes，thereby improving the salt-alkali tolerance of sugar beet seedlings.

In order to further study the processing of Perilla frutescens food and drug products,the functional components of Perilla frutescens were summarized as flavonoids,oil,volatile oil and phenolic acids.The main products and the research technology of Perilla frutescens in the market are discussed.The prospect of developing nutrient-rich and functional health products and medicines are also discussed.

Grafting is an efficient technology that can be used to create disease resistance and increase yield,and can help solve problems associated with continuous cropping in agriculture.Grafted seedlings can not only overcome soil-borne disease problems,but also improve stress resistance of seedlings.This paper introduces three kinds of grafting rootstocks,describes five grafting methods and operation practices,discusses the role and application of hormones in raising grafted seedlings,and describes the development and present situation of mechanized grafted seedling raising technology.The application and popularization of cucumber grafting technology in China is reviewed.

In order to explore the effects of rotation and fallow on soil volumetric moisture content and crop yield in the West of the Great Khingan, the experiment on the different rotation model with wheat and rape was carried out in the Tenihe experiment station in 2017. The results showed thai the soil volumelric moisture and water use efficiency of comfield and rape field under rotation in fallow mode at difterent growth stages were much greater than that of continuous cropping, and the number of spike and number of kernels of wheat and effective pod number per plant and seed number per pod of rapeseed also showed fallow〉rotation〉continnous cropping. The yield of wheat and rape in the following year after fallow, and the yield reached 4 670.17 kg/hm^2 and 3 296.20 kg/hm^2, respectively, which was significantly higher than that of the control continuous cropping wheat and rape and rape-wheat and wheat-rape rotation patterns.

Based on the investigation of plant allocation in Riverside Park of Guiyang,this study analyzed its existing situation,the landscape effect,and the existing problems of plants.An optimal design was proposed to provide some references for plant selection,planting design and garden plant disposition in the public green space of Guiyang in the future.

【Objective】 To comprehensively understand and analyze the development process of Orthoptera insect taxonomy research,and provide reference for relevant scientific researchers.【Methods】 The data sources were the 1750—2000 Orthopteran insects taxonomy literature entries included in the Bibliographia Systematica Orthopterorum Saltatoriorum and the 2001—2019 Orthopteran insects taxonomy literature entries included in the Orthoptera Species File website,and the EndNote software was used to establish an Orthopteran insects taxonomy literature database,and based on the R language,the statistical analysis was carried out from three aspects：the distribution of annual literature,the amount of articles published by authors,and the amount of articles in source journals.【Results】 The taxonomy research of Orthoptera insects has gone through four development periods：budding period（1750—1778）,initial development period（1779—1829）,slow development period（1830—1947）and rapid development period（1948—2019）. There were a total of 281 core authors,of which 10 were high-yield core authors,and the Chinese entomologist ZHENG Zhemin published the most articles.From the distribution of source journals,a core journal group composed of 14 journals including Zootaxa, Journal of Orthoptera Research, Bulletin de la Société Entomologique de France, Articulata and Entomological News has been formed,among which Zootaxa was the largest number of articles.【Conclusion】 From 1750 to 2019,the number of articles on the taxonomy research of Orthoptera insects showed a fluctuating upward trend. At present,a stable core author group and core journal group have been formed.

Agricultural resources are in good condition in Hetao Irrigated Area,suitable for the growth of a variety of crops,and the plots are relatively fragmented.A remote sensing technology can be used to accurately identify crop types so that agricultural resources in this area can be investigated and the agricultural conditions can be evaluated.Using 9 phases of GF-1/WFV data in the period from April 2017 to October 2017,this paper combined the method of transforming the field sample points into sense areas to calculate and analyze the time series NDVI values and variation characteristics of spring wheat,corn,helianthus and vegetable in the whole growth stage in the study area,and thenthe decision tree classification model based on threshold segmentation was constructed to identify and classify the above five crops in this area.Ten verification quadrangles were selected from RapidEye data with a resolution of 5 m,the crops in the quadrangle were visually interpreted,and the classification results of the decision tree were verified with the interpretation results and expressed with confusion matrix.The results showed that identification accuracies of spring wheat,corn,sunflowers,zucchini,and tomatoes were 88.86%,62.44%,87.29% and 65.78%,respectively,while the overall accuracy reached 76.29% and the Kappa coefficient was 0.652 9.It can be seen that by analyzing the time series data based on GF-1/WFV NDVI,large crops in mesoscale can be identified more accurately.This method is suitable for the application and research of remote sensing in agricultural resource survey.

【Objective】 To understand the yield difference of rice stubble wheat and the production restriction factors in different regions of Anhui Province. 【Methods】 A participatory rural assessment method was used to investigate the status quo of wheat yield and the composition of limiting factors in three rice stubble areas along the Yanhuai region,the Jianghuai region,and the Yanjiang region in Anhui Province. 【Results】 At present,the age of wheat production personnel in rice-stubble wheat area of Anhui Province is mainly 41-60 years old,accounting for 79.52% of the total population. The yield of rice cropping wheat decreased from north to south,with a range of 3 048.60-5 685.60 kg/hm ² and an average yield of 4 978.5 kg/hm ². The overall average yield was Yanhuai region>the Jianghuai region>the Yanjiang region. The average yield difference of rice stubble wheat in the whole province was 2 637.00 kg/hm ²,and the regional yield range was 2 778.00 kg/hm ²,2 502.00 kg/hm ²,and 1 575.00 kg/hm ²,respectively. The main non-human limiting factors in rice stubble wheat production were gibberellic disease and ear germination. Artificial controllable limiting factors mainly include unreasonable variety selection,poor sowing quality,low seedling quality,and unmatched agricultural machinery and techniques. The main social limiting factors are large input,high cost,low market grain price,poor efficiency,and high and unstable prices of fertilizer. The main ecological limiting factors are poor soil texture,shallow and less fertile soil,drought,waterlogging,insufficient light,and insufficient effective accumulated temperature. 【Conclusion】 It is an effective way to reduce the yield difference of rice stubble wheat in the region to increase the yield potential of middle and low yield fields. The technical core means to narrow the yield difference of rice stubble wheat area are to establish suitable wheat variety and distribution,to build the forecast system of disease （insect,grass）,to improve the social service organization of agricultural machinery and plant protection,and to improve the training of new agricultural operators and agricultural machine operators.

To study the differences in yield and characters of different sunflower varieties,9 edible sunflower and 4 oil sunflower varieties were selected.The yield,yield components,dry matter accumulation and SPAD values were studied.The results showed that the yield of SH363 was the highest of the edible sunflowers,up to 5.15 t/hm2,which was 28.43%higher than the average yield;the yield of TP261 was the highest of the oil sunflowers,up to 4.34 t/hm2,which was 6.03%higher than the average yield.The correlation analysis of yield and its related characters showed that the single disk weight had the greatest impact on the yield,and can be used as one of the reference indexes for the evaluation of high yield varieties.The single disk number and the length of grain can be used as two of the important indexes to measure the shell rate.This study provides a theoretical basis for the determination of the indexes for screening different types of high-yield sunflower varieties.

【Objective】 In order to understand the genetic diversity basis of quinoa germplasm resources,improve the efficient use of germplasm resources,and promote the breeding process. 【Methods】101 quinoa germplasm resources were collected at home and abroad for determination of phenotypic traits and analysis of genetic diversity. Phenotypic traits included growth period,plant height,stalk diameter,kernel weight per plant,thousand kernel weight,protein content,lysine content,etc. 【Results】The coefficient of variation of each phenotype was significantly different. The largest one was coefficient of variation of grain weight per plant,which was 36.0%,and the smallest one was growth period,which was 5.2%. The range of phenotypic traits genetic diversity index was 1.960-2.085. Among all the genetic diversity indexes,the largest one was growth period,which was 2.085,and the smallest one was kernel weight per plant,which was 1.960. Through the correlation analysis of phenotypic traits,it showed different degrees of significant negative correlation （-0.36 and -0.32） between the grain weight per plant and the content of protein or lysine. Cluster analysis was grouped 101 quinoa germplasm accessions into four clusters. Among them,the first group contains 29 accessions of material,the second groups includs 30 copies of materials,the third group includs 18 copies of material,and the fourth group contains 24 copies of material. 【Conclusion】It is necessary to pay attention to improving both grain yield and nutritional quality at the same time in quinoa breeding.

To study the effect of planting density on the photosynthetic characteristics of summer-sown Cyperus esculentus L.at the late tillering stage,and to provide a practical basis for summer-sown Cyperus esculentus L. in the central and western regions of Inner Mongolia.This study systematically analyzed the effect of 2 planting density on the diurnal variation of photosynthesis and the light response curve in the late tillering stage.The results showed that the diurnal variation of net photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance in the late tillering stage of Cyperus esculentus L. under different planting densities showed a bimodal curve trend.The two peaks of net photosynthetic rate were the highest under the treatment of 125 000 plants/hm ²,with the values of 12.16 [μmol/（m ²·s）] and 9.49 [μmol/（m ²·s）],respectively,which were higher than those under the treatment of 143 000 plants/hm ².The photosynthetic rate was 0.25% and 13.93% higher,repsectively.The average stomatal conductance of 125 000 plants/hm ² was 0.94% higher than that of 143 000 plants/hm ².The intercellular CO ₂ concentration showed a single peak curve change trend of first decreasing and then increasing,and the daily average intercellular CO ₂ concentration showed a high level of 143 000 plants/hm ²>125 000 plants/hm ².The transpiration rate showed an inverted "V" type change,and the average daily transpiration rate was 143 000 plants/hm ²>125 000 plants/hm ².The maximum net photosynthetic rate simulated by the non-rectangular curve was the maximum with the treatment of 125 000 plants/hm ² 19.87 [μmol/（m ²·s）],which was 4.97% higher than the treatment of 143 000 plants/hm ²,and the simulated dark respiration rate of 125 000 strains/hm ² was the maximum.The order of light saturation point （LSP） and light compensation point （LCP） was 143 000 plants/hm ²>125 000 plants/hm ².Based on the comprehensive analysis of the effects of two planting densities on the characteristics of photosynthetic performance changes,the practical basis for summer sowing of Cyperus esculentus L. was provided.It was preliminarily determined that planting density of 125 000 plants/hm ² were better for summer sowing of Cyperus esculentus L. in central and western Inner Mongolia.

Apium graveolens L. is an important feature of Inner Mongolia cold cool vegetables.Shangdu County,as one of the main producing region,root rot in recent years has become an important factor restricting the development of the industry.This study used tissue separation,morphology and molecular biology method combining the separate identification of the celery root rot pathogens of Shangdu County,through the petiole and root that are inoculated to determine the pathogenic strains.The results show that the separation of the four strains XY1,QC-3,QC-5 and 2QC-3 were pathogenic strains of XY1,QC-5 for Fusarium oxysporum,strain QC-3,2 QC-3 for Fusarium solani,and complete law of Koch’s appraisal.It is clear that Fusarium oxysporum and Fusarium solani are the main pathogenic bacteria causing root rot of Apium graveolens L. in Shangdu County.

【Objective】The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes in soil moisture content in spring corn fields under different mulching methods,and to provide a theoretical basis and technical support for water-saving and high-yield planting of spring corn in arid and semi-arid regions of northern China.【Methods】In the experiment,three kinds of mulching methods were used：open-field-cultivation,half-plastic film mulching,and whole-plastic film mulching after spring irrigated. The dynamic changes of soil moisture in the soil layer of spring corn are 0-10,10-20,and 20-30 cm during the whole growth period. A systematic study was carried out.【Results】The results showed that during the whole growth period of spring corn,the soil moisture content of the whole-plastic film mulching with 0-10,10-20,20-30 cm was better than open-field-cultivation and half-plastic film mulching,74.77%,73.39%,40.43% and 39.89%,36.79%,33.47%. Compared with the sowing period,the soil water content in each soil layer under different mulching methods has been reduced to varying degrees of 4.03%-13.19%;in the full maturity period compared with the sowing stage of spring corn during the full growth period,the soil water content in the soil layer of 0-10 cm and 10-20 cm decreased by the order of the whole-plastic film mulching>open-field-cultivation>half-plastic film mulching,and the soil moisture content in the 20-30 cm soil layer was reduced by the order of the whole-plastic film mulching>half-plastic film mulching>open-field-cultivation.【Conclusion】The spring irrigated full mulching method can make more use of the water in each layer of the soil,while the spring irrigated open field makes more use of the water in the upper layer. It suggests that the whole-plastic film mulching is more conducive to the growth of spring corn in the northern arid and semi-arid areas.

【Objective】 Nitrogen application and planting density are two important technical measures affecting crop growth and increasing yield. The study on cultivation mode of tartary buckwheat under the interaction of nitrogen application and planting density can provide a theoretical basis for high-yield and efficient planting of tartary buckwheat in cool areas of the loess plateau. 【Methods】 The effects of nitrogen application amount （75,120 kg/hm ² pure nitrogen） and planting density （0.6,0.9,1.2 million plants/hm ²） on phenological stage,plant height,branch number of main stem,lodging rate,soil water utilization rate,and yield of tartary buckwheat were analyzed by a two-factor test. 【Results】 Six treatments had little effect on the growth period of Heifeng No. 1. Combined with the two factors,the combination of plant height,number of main stem branches and lodging rate with the application of pure nitrogen 120 kg/hm ² and the planting density of 1.2 million plants/hm ² performed better. Among them,the plant height was 116.87 cm,the number of main stem branches was 13.6,and the lodging rate was 1.74%. At the two nitrogen fertilizer levels,the soil water efficiency and yield were shown as planting density of 1.2 million plants/hm ²>0.9 million plants/hm ²>0.6 million plants/hm ²,and under the interaction treatment,the combination of pure nitrogen application of 120 kg/hm ² and planting density of 1.2 million plants/hm ² was the best. Among them,the soil water utilization rate was 2.70 kg/（hm ²·mm） and the yield was 1 504.08 kg/hm ². 【Conclusion】 Under the condition of interaction between nitrogen application amount and density,with the combination of pure nitrogen application of 120 kg/hm ² and planting density of 1.2 million plants/hm ²,the indexes of tartar-buckwheat Heifeng No.1 performed well and had the highest yield,which can be used as a reference for the cultivation mode of high yield and high efficiency.

In order to quickly obtain the regional distribution information of rice and lay a technical foundation for crop sensing monitoring,promoting the development of monitoring and management of rice growth areas in the middle and high latitudes,Ulan Hot City of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region was selected for analysis of the regional application potential of Sentinel-2 data.In this study,the single-temporal remote sensing image on September 9,2018 was used as the best observation phase,and the method of the support vector machine classification was used.The method of maximum likelihood classification and object-oriented method of approaching -K,combined with visual interpretation results were used to classify and recognize the paddy in the whole region.The accuracy of classification was verified by the confusion matrix and ground sample data.In the high latitude growth area of single-cropping rice,the accuracy using the method of maximum likelihood classification（89.35%） was higher than that using support vector machine classification and object-oriented method.It was 4.6% and 12.45% higher,respectively,than the other two ways of classification accuracy.In term of the accuracy of evaluation of rice area monitoring,the average accuracy（85.91%） of maximum likelihood classification was higher than the other methods by 8.90% and 12.61%,respectively.In term of the rice harvest,the methods of rice area extraction based on the data of Sentinel-2,the method of maximum likelihood is better than the method of supporting vector machine and the method of the object-oriented classification.

This study aims to explore the characteristics of the high and stable yield of new wheat variety Ping′an 0602 in different ecological regions.According to the results of Henan Province regional test in 2015—2017，the data were analyzed by yield，variable coefficient，high-stable yield coefficient，regression coefficient and coordinate method.The result showed that the yield of Ping′an 0602 was higher than that of the control variety by 7.04% and 4.83% in two years.Ping′an 0602 showed the characteristic of high yield.The regression coefficient at 1.056 5 and 1.019 9 was close to that of population 1.000.Ping′an 0602 showed the characteristic of stable yield.The value of high stability coefficient was lower than that of the control variety and the regression line was above that of population，both suggesting high and stable yield. Ping′an 0602 has a high extension value in the examination area.

Apple ring rot caused by Botryosphaeria dothidea is one of the main apple diseases.In order to find biocontrol bacteria for apple ring rot,70 strains of bacteria were obtained using the plate confrontation method.Preliminary screening showed that 18 strains had different degrees of inhibition of apple ring rot.I It was found that the bacteriostasis rate of four strains (BS-1,B16,B169 and 1301) exceeded 50.0%,with strain B16 having the highest rate of 59.30%.Strains BS-1,B16,B169 and 1301 were identified as Bacillus cereus,Bacillus mojavensis,Bacillus mojavensis and Paenibacillus polymyxa,respectively.The results showed that these four strains had certain application prospects in the control of Botryosphaeria dothidea.

In this paper, some research resuhs and basic theories of currently agricultural meteorological disaster risk assessment were comprehensively discussed, focusing on basic contents and technical methods of meteorological disaster risk assessment, the research progress of agrieuhural meteorological disaster risk assessment was summarized, the hot research direction in the future was pointed out, and the aim is to provide some theories for the establishment of meteorological disaster risk assessment system.

Pomegranate can be eaten fresh,ornamental,and has high medicinal value,its seed is soft edible,more juicy and easy to swallow.The introduction,cultivars,tissue culture,molecular biology and cultivation techniques of soft-seed pomegranate were reviewed in this paper,and provides the research and development direction of soft-seed pomegranate in the future.

Mutation breeding is a widely used breeding method,which provides a means for the selection and breeding of new soybean varieties.This paper reviews the application mechanism of chemical mutagenesis（EMS,EI）,physical mutagenesis（ionizing radiation,laser）and aerospace mutagenesis breeding in soybean breeding.The effects of mutagenesis on phenotype,physiology,biochemistry,disease resistance of soybean plant and the screening and identification methods of mutants were analyzed,and also the future soybean mutagenesis breeding technology was prospected.

Agricultural production efficiency is an important index for the high-quality development of agriculture.In order to improve the efficiency of agricultural production and accelerate the process of agricultural modernization in Shanxi Province,the evaluation index system of agricultural production efficiency in Shanxi Province based on the data of time section in 2009,2013,and 2017 was constructed.Using the three-stage DEA model to measure the agricultural production efficiency of 11 cities in Shanxi Province,and by using ArcGis visualization technology to analyze its space characteristics.The results showed that the score of the agricultural production efficiency of 11 cities in Shanxi Province is 0.5-1.0 without considering the situation of disturbance of the environmental factors and random factors.With the passage of time,the leading factor that affects the agricultural production efficiency of Shanxi Province changes from a pure technical efficiency to a scale efficiency;the intermediate consumption of agriculture,forestry,animal husbandry and fishery that affects the agricultural production efficiency of Shanxi Province gradually tends to be rationalized;by comparing the value of the agricultural production efficiency of Shanxi Province in the first stage and the third stage,a significant difference is found,which indicated that the agricultural production efficiency of Shanxi Province is indeed affected by an external objective environment and random error;In 2009,2013 and 2017,the agricultural production efficiency in Shanxi Province showed obvious spatial clustering characteristics.There are some specific suggestions to ensure the improvement and development of agricultural production efficiency in Shanxi Province.

【Objective】To screen out new soybean varieties and provides technical support and theoretical basis for soybean breeding in the central and western regions of Inner Mongolia.【Methods】The photosynthetic capacity,agronomic characters and yield factors of 11 new strains of northern spring soybean were compared with the control varieties,and the correlation analysis was conducted.【Results】The accumulation of dry matter and SPAD value of different varieties increased gradually with the growth period;the number of growing days was 110 to 122 days,and all varieties could mature normally in the region;the protein content of each strain varied from 33.20% to 37.30%,and mk-10 increased by 0.78%,the fat content varied from 20.90% to 22.90%,and mk-8 increased by 9.57%,the total amount of egg fat varied from 56.10% to 59.10%,and mk-10 increased by 2.07% compared with the control（ P<0.05）;the range of yield change as mk-7>mk-9>mk-1>mk-8>mk-4>mk-2>mk-11>mk-3>mk-10>CK>mk-6>mk-5,The highest yield of mk-7 was 3 370 kg/hm ² and 11.74% higher than the control （ P<0.05）,there was significant positive correlation between yield and 100 kernel weight,kernel weight per plant,kernel number per plant,pod number per plant,total egg fat and protein （ P<0.01）,it was positively correlated with the height of bottom pod,negatively correlated with the number of main stem nodes （ P<0.01）,negatively correlated with fat content （ P<0.05）,and negatively correlated with the number of effective branches.【Conclusion】The yield of mk-7,mk-9,mk-1 and mk-8 was 5.00% higher than the control,and the plant height,yield potential of the 4 soybean varieties were suitable in the central and western regions of Inner Mongolia.

Many species of Scarabaeoidae can cause great damage to agriculture.Classifying the chafers correctly is of great significance in the control of chafers.This article reviews the phylogeny on the taxonomy of Scarabaeoidae and provides a key to eighteen species of Scarabaeoidae.