Abstract: Japan Agricuhural Co-operatives （JA） is a farmers＇ democracy, self-help and autonomous economic organization with the largest-scale, strongest and most participants in Japan.h is the bridge in managing produce-supply-sell unionization in Japanese agriculture. And it also played an active role in serving farmers＇ production and livelihood, increasing farmers＇ income, promoting the development of agriculture in Japan, and so on. This paper expatiated JA, including the composition and characteristic, the role played in agricultural production and the existing problems at present,and put forward the rationalization proposals for the development of family farm in the process of agricultural scale in China.