【Objective】Using CRISPR/Cas9 technology,the tobacco CENH3 gene was edited,and mutant plants with CENH3 gene mutations were obtained. An effective genome editing technology system was established after the editing efficiency and mutation type of the editing vector were identified.【Methods】The CENH3 editing vector was designed and constructed according to tobacco CENH3 gene sequence. Through Agrobacterium-mediated transformation,transgenic tobacco plants were produced,and sequencing was used to identify the CENH3 mutation types and the target gene editing efficiency of the transgenic plants. Droplet digital PCR was used to screen low-copy mutant plants.【Results】Among the 11 transgenic tobacco plants randomly tested,6 were edited,and the editing efficiency was 54.5%.In the edited plants,target 1 was not edited,and target 2 had four mutation types. All six of the edited plants had low copy numbers,ranging from 0.3 to 1.2.【Conclusion】The fixed-point editing of tobacco CENH3 was successfully achieved and CRISPR/Cas9 mediated tobacco CENH3 genome editing system was established.

【Objective】To investigate the effect of alkali stress on oat′s ability to produce oxygen and the mitigating effect of exogenous spermine,in order to provide guidance for the crop cultivation and breeding of resistant varieties in saline alkali soil.【Methods】Using alkali resistant variety Mengyan No. 1 and alkali sensitive variety Taiyangshen as test materials,four treatments were set up,including alkali stress+Hoagland nutrient solution,alkali stress+spermine 1+Hoagland nutrient solution,alkali stress+spermine 2+Hoagland nutrient solution and Hoagland nutrient solution as control. The photosynthetic indicators of oat under different treatments were analyzed.【Results】Alkali stress inhibited the photosynthesis of oats. Under alkali stress,the leaves of the two varieties had lower chlorophyll content,photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance and transpiration rate compared the control while the stomatal limit value increased. Of these,the chlorophyll reduction of Mengyan No. 1 was lower than that of Taiyangshen. Alkali stress led to changes in the light reaction process of photosystem Ⅱ（PSⅡ）,with chlorophyll fluorescence parameters Fo increasing,while Fv/Fm、ABS/CSm、TrO/CSm、EtO/CSm、PI_ABS decreasing,among which the decrease of Fv/Fm and PI_ABS of Mengyan No. 1 was lower than that of Taiyangshen. Compared with alkali stress,exogenous spermine contributed to the accumulation of chlorophyll,increased photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance and transpiration rate,raised chlorophyll fluorescence parameters EtO/CSm and PI_ABS,and decreased Fo. Under 0.01 mmol/L spermine treatment,PI_ABS increased by 23.96% to 125.25% when compared with alkali stress. The increase of photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll content under 0.01 mmol/L spermine treatment was higher than that under 0.06 mmol/L spermine treatment.【Conclusion】Exogenous spermine reduced the damaging effect of alkali stress on oat PS Ⅱ,increased transpiration tension,alleviated the limiting effect of alkali stress on stomata,improved photosynthesis by promoting the transport of CO₂ to chloroplasts. 0.01 mmol/L spermine was the optimal concentration.

【Objective】To analyse the impact of various amino-oligosaccharide treatments on mung bean growth.【Methods】The effects of amino-oligosaccharides on the activities of the mung bean defense enzymes（SOD,POD,and PPO）,as well as SPAD value and yield,were compared and analyzed using an orthogonal experiment with three factors and five levels,including seed soaking concentration（A）,spraying concentration（B）,and spraying period（C）.【Results】In comparison to the other two treatments,the effect of seed soaking concentration（A）on SOD activity,POD activity,and SPAD value of mung bean leaves was higher. Spraying concentration（B）had a marginally higher impact than the other two treatments on the PPO activity of mung bean leaves. Under different levels of each factor,seed soaking concentration A3 had the highest yield of 2 050.83 kg/hm²,spraying concentration B4 had the highest yield of 1 989.17 kg/hm² and spraying period C3 had the highest yield of 1 931.67 kg/hm².【Conclusion】Among the diffrent treatments,seed soaking concentration had the highest effect on the yield of mung bean,followed by the spraying concentration and spraying period. The optimal treatment combination for yield was A3B4C3,with seed soaking concentration at 0.4 g/100 mL,spraying concentration at 1.8 g/L,and spraying twice in the full flowering stage.

Potassium is a crucial nutrient component for the growth and development of potato plant. In recent years,more and more attention have been paid on the interaction and balance between potassium and calcium,magnesium. This paper reviewed relevant research,with a focus on the interaction between potassium and calcium,magnesium in potato nutrient absorption and distribution and its impact on potato chlorophyll content,yield,and quality,also prospected the future research direction on nutrient interaction between potassium and calcium,magnesium,in order to provide references for the effective utilization of potato nutrient resources and high quality and yield.

【Objective】To analyse the effect of sowing date on the growth and development of grain harvesting spring maize and the matching of heat resources,as well as to clarify the mechanism for achieving the yield increase and heat resources synergy of grain harvesting spring maize by early sowing at appropriate time,provide a theoretical basis for promoting the optimal cultivation of grain harvesting spring maize.【Methods】The late maturing variety ZD 958 was used as the common control. Five grain harvesting spring maize varieties suitable for local planting were selected as the test varieties. The sowing date networking test was carried out in six ecological areas：the east warm and cool dry farming area of Daxing′anling Mountains,the south warm and dry farming area of Daxing′anling Mountains,the warm and hot irrigation area of West Liaohe Plain,the warm and hot irrigation area of northern hills of Yanshan Mountains,the warm and hot irrigation area of Tumechuan Plain,and the warm and hot irrigation area of Hetao Plain in Inner Mongolia. The effects of sowing date on the growth and development,dry matter accumulation and yield formation of grain harvesting spring maize,as well as the relationship between the growth of grain harvesting spring maize and heat factors was analyzed.【Results】Early sowing at appropriate time accelerated the emergence of grain harvesting spring maize,increased the utilization rate of effective accumulated temperature in spring by 1.5 percentage points,prolonged the duration of growth after anthesis by an average of 2 d,increased the distribution of accumulated temperature after anthesis by 1.5% to 3.1%,increased the accumulation of dry matter after anthesis by 3.9%,and increased the dry matter accumulation rate by 9.5%,promoted grain filling,increased the number of grains per ear and 1 000 grain weight,and advanced maturity by 3-5 d. When early sowing at appropriate time,for every 1 ℃ rise in diurnal range the dry matter accumulation rose by 0.4 t/hm². For every 1 ℃ increase in average daily temperature,the average 1 000 grain weight increased by 21.1 g and yield increased by 0.9 t/hm² at the same time.【Conclusion】Early sowing at appropriate time improved the matching and utilization of the diurnal range and dry matter accumulation at flowering and grain stage. With 9.9% yield increase in grain harvesting spring maize,the utilization rate of annual accumulated temperature increased by 1.1 to 2.8 percentage points,resulting in accumulated temperature of 43.7 to 130.9 ℃ for grain dehydration at later stage,achieving high yield,high efficiency and high quality direct grain harvesting.

【Objective】According to the adjusted List of National Key Protected Wild Plants,the species distributed in Inner Mongolia were statistically sorted out to form a list of national key protected wild plants distributed in Inner Mongolia,providing guidance and services for the protection of wild plants in Inner Mongolia.【Methods】According to the List of National Key Protected Wild Plants approved and released by the State Council on August 7,2021,the list of national key protected wild plants in Inner Mongolia was organized in accordance with the region′s current plant distribution. The floristic geographical components were studied using floristic research techniques.【Results】A list of national key protected wild plants distributed in Inner Mongolia was formed,including 47 species of national key protected wild plants,belonging to 26 families and 37 genera. Among them,there were 1 species of algae,2 species of fungi,1 species of bryophytes,1 species of gymnosperms,and 42 species of angiosperms. Nostoc flagelliforme Born. et Flah. and Aldrovanda vesiculosa L. were the only two species of wild plants under national first-class protection;the others were under national secondary protection. The families with the largest number of species in angiosperms were Poaceae and Orchidaceae,both of which were 7 species. And the genera with the largest number of species were Cypripedium L. and Elymus L.,both of which were 5 species. The life forms of spermatophyte were mainly perennial herbs,with a total of 28 species. And the ecotype was dominated by mesophytes,with a total of 23 species. The floristic geographical distribution of species included 8 types and 5 sub-types,most of which were North East Asian distribution species,gobi distribution species and pan-Arctic distribution species. There were 3 endemic or nearly endemic genus in Inner Mongolia,including Tetraena Maxim.,Potaninia Maxim. and Tugarinovia Iljin,and 11 endemic or nearly endemic species in Mongolian plateau.【Conclusion】The newly formed list of national key protected wild plants distributed in Inner Mongolia reflected the conservation status of wild plant in Inner Mongolia,as well as the background and characteristics of Inner Mongolia flora.

【Objective】To investigate the control effect of elicitor on Orobanche cumana as well as its physiological and biochemical effects on the induction of sunflower resistance,in order to find a novel approach to the issue of challenging control of malignant parasitic weeds in sunflower fields.【Methods】To conduct the control effect test of elicitor,600 times and 800 times diluted elicitor were combined with various secondary application schemes using combined field experiment with indoor instrument analysis. The chlorophyll and glutathione contents of sunflower leaves,as well as the activities of glutathione S-transferase,peroxidase and superoxide dismutase were measured.【Results】The 600 and 800 times diluted elicitor had obvious control effect on Orobanche cumana,and the control effect increased significantly with the increase of concentration. 18 d after application,the control effect was 19.8% to 92.4%. The best application time was at 8-10 leaf stage and 12-14 leaf stage of sunflower. The application of elicitor was not only safe for sunflower plants,but 600 times diluted solution also increased plant height by 12.41% and fresh weight by 22.56% compared with the water control. At the same time,the elicitor significantly increased the contents of chlorophyll and glutathione in sunflower leaves,with 600 times diluted solution increased by 9.62% and 23.15% respectively. The activities of glutathione S-transferase,peroxidase and superoxide dismutase increased significantly with the application of 600 times diluted elicitor solution. Compared with the water control,the peak value increased by 5.09%,59.45% and 23.72% respectively.【Conclusion】The elicitor effectively controlled Orobanche cumana while being highly safe to sunflower.

【Objective】To identify the pathogen causing Denglonghong muskmelon Fusarium wilt in Wuyuan County,Bayannur City,Inner Mongolia,and investigate the disease response to plant immune inducers and plant-derived fungicide.【Methods】Tissue isolation method was used to isolate the Fusarium wilt pathogen from Denglonghong muskmelon,and Koch′s rule was used to assess its pathogenicity. The in door efficacy of four drugs（plant immune inducers JM1,JM2,JM3,and plant-derived fungicide Osthol）was evaluated using potted plants.【Results】The fungi isolated from muskmelon with wilting symptoms could inoculate muskmelon seedlings and cause typical muskmelon wilt symptoms. The strain was named TG2. According to the colony,spore characteristics,spore morphology and ITS sequence,it was identified as Fusarium oxysporum. JM1,JM2,JM3,and Osthol each demonstrated a control effect on the Fusarium wilt of 45.99%,61.43%,15.13%,and 65.28%,respectively. 【Conclusion】The pathogen that Causes Denglonghong muskmelon Fusarium wilt in Wuyuan County was Fusarium oxysporum. Plant immune inducer JM2,and plant-derived fungicide Osthol had better control effect.

【Objective】To evaluate the contact toxicity of ethanol crude extracts from various Aquilegia viridiflora Pall. organs at blooming stage to Myzus persicae（Sulzer）.【Methods】The laboratory contact toxicity of ethanol crude extract from leaves,stems and roots of Aquilegia viridiflora Pall. against Myzus persicae（Sulzer） was measured by soaking. The ethanol crude extract from the whole plant of Aquilegia viridiflora Pall. at the flowering stage was used to carry out the field efficacy test.【Results】Using 50.0 mg/mL ethanol crude extract of Aquilegia viridiflora Pall. leaves,stems and roots treated for 72 h,the mortality and adjusted mortality of Myzus persicae（Sulzer） reached more than 70.00%,and there was no significant difference between treatments（P>0.05）. The toxicity regression equation was y=2.48+1.78x（R²=0.99）for leaves,y=4.84+0.47x（R²=1.00）for stems and y=3.03+1.91x（R²=0.91）for roots. After applying 25.0 mg/mL ethanol crude extract of whole Aquilegia viridiflora Pall. plant in the field for 7 d,the control effect of Myzus persicae（Sulzer） reached 70.31%.【Conclusions】At the blooming stage,the ethanol crude extract of Aquilegia viridiflora Pall. leaves,stems and roots had the same contact toxicity effect on Myzus persicae（Sulzer）. The insecticidal active substances were evenly distributed in the whole plant. The ethanol crude extract of Aquilegia viridiflora Pall. at blooming stage had good field control effect to Myzus persicae（Sulzer）.

【Objective】The laboratory toxicity of 8 commonly used fungicides against canola Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in Hulun Buir,Inner Mongolia,was determined to provide theoretical basis for the precise selection and use of drugs for the prevention and control of spring canola Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in the cold and arid regions of northern China.【Methods】19 strains of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum from 6 farms in Hulun Buir were collected to test their sensitivity to 8 commonly used fungicides.【Results】The Sclerotinia sclerotiorum samples had average EC₅₀ values of 0.031,0.078,0.261,0.286,0.362,0.536,0.673,and 1.380 μg/mL against prochloraz,carbendazim,procymidon,tebuconazole,boscalid,dimethachlon,difenoconazole,and azoxystrobin.【Conclusions】The canola Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in Hulun Buir,Inner Mongolia was sensitive to eight commonly used fungicides. In production,different types of fungicides should be applied alternately to prevent drug resistance.

Strobilurin fungicides are a type of novel fungicide that exhibit low toxicity and high activity. However long term application leave pesticide residues in agricultural products,harm living creatures and endanger the environment. Therefore setting up a method to detect strobilurin fungicide residues is essential. This paper presented the various strobilurin fungicides and their residue limits in agricultural products,summarized the detection methods of strobilurin fungicide residues in agricultural products and ecological environments,and prospected the residue detection techniques of strobilurin fungicides in order to provide technical and scientific support for the development of this type of fungicide residue detection techniques.

Evergreen perennial herb Stachys lanata is hardy,heliophile,and has excellent ornamental value. This paper summarized the effects of different water stress on the shoot,root system and photosynthesis,the effects of cadmium stress on the growth and development of Stachys lanata,and the effects of spraying exogenous substances on the resistant ability of Stachys lanata to cadmium stress. In addition,the growth response and improvement of stress resistance of Stachys lanata under stress was prospected,in order to provide a theoretical basis for the introduction and cultivation,growth and development promotion,and stress resistance improvement of Stachys lanata.

【Objective】Analyze the species,density,biomass,diversity and other community characteristics of plankton in combination with the assess of dominant plankton and water quality physical and chemical indicators to evaluate the water quality of Juyan Lake. 【Methods】From November 2020 to September 2021,13 physical and chemical indicators of water quality as well as plankton resources in the Juyan Lake were sampled and analyzed in accordance with Handbook of Fishery Natural Resources Investigation in Inland Waters and Technical Specification for Freshwater Plankton Investigation（SC/T 9402—2010）. 【Results】 In the survey duration,the transparency of Juyan Lake water body was 0.45-1.08 m,the total nitrogen was 0.97-2.48 mg/L,and the total phosphorus and nitrogen nutritional status indices were 33.79-35.09 and 54.01-69.92 respectively. 6 phyla and 63 species of phytoplankton were identified,including 16 dominant species with densities of 236 500 to 392 600 per liter,biomass of 0.30 to 1.04 mg/L,Shannon-Wiener diversity index of 2.53 to 2.88 and the richness indices of 2.64 to 3.08. 2 phyla and 22 species of zooplankton were identified,including 17 dominant species,with densities of 35.98 to 131.95 per liter,biomass of 0.27 to 1.12 mg/L,Shannon-Wiener diversity index of 2.80 to 3.23,and the richness indices of 2.35 to 2.93. Two species of α-polysaprobic zone indicator organisms and two species of β-polysaprobic zone indicator organisms,nine species of α-mesosaprobic zone indicator organisms and eight species of β-mesosaprobic zone indicator organisms and two species of oligosaprobic zone indicator organisms were detected.【Conclusion】The physical and chemical indicators of Juyan Lake revealed that the water body was in eutrophic state,mainly manifested as nitrogen levels far over the standard. Plankton biomass showed that Juyan Lake′s water was in oligotrophic state. The density of phytoplankton indicated that the aquatic body was in oligotrophic to mesotrophic state. Dominating plankton species,pollution indicator organisms,and Shannon-Wiener diversity index all showed that Juyan Lake was in mesotrophic or medium eutrophic state. Comprehensive analysis revealed that Juyan Lake′s water quality was mesotrophic.

【Objective】Improve the germplasm of cultivated Paralichthys olivaceus in Tianjin to promote the economic and ecological benefits of fisheries in the region.【Methods】The Paralichthys olivaceus “Pingyou No. 2” was trial bred from September 2018 to May 2019. Using the character comparison approach,the growth,body shape,disease resistance,and nitrogen and phosphorus production per unit weight gain of “Pingyou No. 2” were examined.【Results】The absolute weight gain rate of “Pingyou No. 2” was 19.41% higher and the absolute growth rate was 16.67% higher than that of common Paralichthys olivaceus. In comparison with common Paralichthys olivaceus,the average coefficient of fatness of “Pingyou No. 2” was 22.87% lower and the total length/body length was 0.89% lower. There was no difference in other body parameters. “Pingyou No. 2” had a lower coefficient of variation for weight,total length,body length,head length,and body height than the common Paralichthys olivaceus by 8.07%,16.03%,16.07%,30.31%,and 27.88%,respectively. When compared to common Paralichthys olivaceus,the mortality for “Pingyou No. 2” ascites disease and lymphatic cyst disease were 73.95% and 67.14% lower. During the experiment,the final survival rate of“Pingyou No. 2” was 31.07% higher than that of common Paralichthys olivaceus. For every kilogram of body weight gained,the tail water concentrations of newly added ammonium nitrogen,total nitrogen,soluble phosphate,and total phosphorus in “Pingyou No. 2” were 48.56%,35.37%,29.68% and 37.36% lower than common Paralichthys olivaceus.【Conclusion】In terms of growth,body shape variation,disease resistance,nitrogen and phosphorus output per unit weight gain,“Pingyou No. 2” outperformed regular Paralichthys olivaceus,suitable for promoting in Tianjin.

【Objective】To evaluate the GEVA value of Chinese agricultural listed companies from the perspective of high-quality green development and promote the high-quality green development of agricultural listed companies.【Methods】Build the GEVA valuation model of agricultural listed companies，calculate the actual ecological efficiency，and adjust the GEVA according to the difference between the actual ecological efficiency and the expected ecological efficiency，to assess the value of high-quality green development of the companies. 【Results】The actual ecological efficiency of agricultural listed companies in China was generally high，with and average value of 167.05%，higher than the expected ecological efficiency，and roughly showing an increasing trend year by year. In general，the value of high-quality green development of agricultural listed companies in China was low. Except for 2018，companies with GEVA greater than 0 accounted for 70.45% the proportion，in other years it was less than 50.00%. The agricultural listed companies in China had diverse GEVA values，and there was a clear performance gap between them. The extreme value of GEVA had a changing tendency of “shrinking first and then growing”. Except the GEVA value in animal husbandry and average unit GEVA value exceeds the average value of the overall samples，other industries fall short of the average value，and the difference is considerable. The GEVA value for agricultural listed enterprises in China fluctuates greatly and the average value exhibits an M-shaped changing trend，peaking in 2019 at 953 million yuan. In 2020，the average value of GEVA plunged sharply to 102 million yuan.【Conclusion】Chinese agricultural listed companies had high levels of actual ecological efficiency overall，but the value of high-quality green development is generally low with the industry clearly differentiated and exhibited high volatility. Based on this，Chinese agricultural listed companies should implement the “GEVA maximization” management concept，improve the innovation ability of green technology，establish a long-term mechanism for coordinated development，and strengthen the capacity to withstand risks in order to achieve high-quality green development.

【Objective】Clarify the efficiency and influencing factors of financial services in rural areas in Anhui Province,improve the quality of financial services,and provide guarantee for the implementation of rural revitalization strategy.【Methods】Using the relevant data of 16 cities in Anhui Province from 2014 to 2019,the efficiency of financial services for rural revitalization was calculated and its key influencing factors were analyzed by building DEA-Tobit model.【Results】From 2014 to 2019,the provincial average comprehensive efficiency of rural revitalization of financial services in Anhui Province was 0.811-0.999,exhibiting a U-shaped trend and in an effective state overall. From 2014 to 2016,the comprehensive efficiency was on the decline,and from 2016 to 2019,it was progressively rising. The comprehensive effectiveness varies among cities. With an average value of 0.955 to 0.963,the combined effectiveness of Suzhou,Liu′an,Huaibei,Hefei,and Chizhou was in a highly effective state. With the average value of the entire province and the average value of all cities ranging from 0.910 to 1.000,the overall allocation of pure technical efficiency was in an efficient state. Among them,the average value of the whole province in 2014 and 2019 was the best（both 1.000）,and the average value of Ma′anshan and Tongling was the best（both 1.000）. The average scale efficiency of the whole province was 0.930. Among the selected the influencing factors,“the increase of labor resources over the previous year”（the regression coefficient was 0.017,P=0<0.01）had an extreme significantly positive impact on the comprehensive efficiency of all cities,while “the urbanization rate of permanent population”（the regression coefficient was -0.424,P=0.004<0.01）had an extreme significantly negative impact on the comprehensive efficiency.【Conclusion】The effectiveness of financial services for rural revitalization in Anhui Province is redundant. Important variables influencing the effectiveness of rural revitalization of financial services include “the increase of labor resources over the previous year” and “the urbanization rate of the permanent population”.