【Objective】Screening transcription factors related to soybean protein synthesis and forecasting potential genes and metabolic pathways for protein synthesis.【Methods】Using RNA-Seq technology,high-throughput sequencing of soybean seeds was carried out on Zhongdou 4901,a low protein soybean material,and Huaidou 98-28,a high protein soybean material.【Results】43.14 Gb Clean Data were obtained. Each sample had a data volume greater than 6.46 Gb,a GC content greater than 45.73%,a Q20 base percentage greater than 94.78%,and a Q30 base percentage greater than 88.53%. The data quality complied with the standards. 916 genes that were differentially expressed,248 of which were up-regulated and 668 were down-regulated. The screened differentially expressed transcription factors came from 26 transcription factor families,of which 4 families,b HLH,AP2/ERF,MYB,and B3,may contribute to soybean protein synthesis.【Conclusion】The Sec61 gene of protein conduction channel in the endoplasmic reticulum processing pathway of soybean protein was down regulated,resulting in the decrease of protein synthesis ability and decrease of protein content in some varieties. The Sec61 gene was thought to be the crucial gene for protein synthesis. Protein endoplasmic reticulum processing,thiometabolism,and glutathione metabolism were related metabolic mechanisms that contribute to the difference in protein content between varieties.

【Objective】To explore the codon usage pattern of Fusarium oxysporum genome-wide and to assess the factors influencing the codon composition and coding characteristics.【Methods】Using software CodonW and R to analyze the codon preference and its influencing factors on genome-wide data from F. oxysporum.【Results】A total of 18 125 sequences was obtained. The average GC content of F. oxysporum was 51.46%. The ENC value ranged from 24.31 to 61.00,and 94.41% of the ENC values were more than 45. Leucine and Alanine were the major amino acids,and accounted for 8.86% and 8.29% respectively. While Tryptophan and Cysteine accounted for only 1.61% and 1.34% respectively. F. oxysporum had 33 high-frequency codons and 19 optimal codons,with the majority of the codons ending in G/C. The correlation study of basic codon parameters revealed that the correlation between GC1 and GC2 was extreme significant(P<0.01),while the correlation between GC3 and ENC was the strongest(P<0.01).【Conclusion】Natural selection is the primary factor influencing the codon preference of Fusarium oxysporum. The correlation between GC3 and ENC was the strongest. 33 high-frequency codons and 19 optimal codons primarily ending in G/C.

【Objective】To comprehend the impacts of salt stress on seed germination,seedling growth,and physiological characteristics of salt tolerant and salt sensitive sunflower and to analyze the salt tolerant mechanism of sunflower from the perspectives of physiology and biochemistry.【Methods】Two sunflower inbred lines S05-10(salt tolerant)and 19S6(salt sensitive)were stressed with 50,100,150 and 200 mmol/L NaCl solutions,and distilled water treatment was used as control(CK). Germination percentage,plant height,proline content,malondialdehyde content,relative conductivity and SOD activity were measured. To analyze the effects of salt stress on seed germination,seedling growth and physiological characteristics of sunflower.【Results】Under 100,150,and 200 mmol/L NaCl stress,the germination rate of S05-10 and 19S6 significantly decreased,with the largest decreases being 55.68% and 82.11% when compared to CK(P<0.05). Under 200 mmol/L NaCl stress,the plant height of S05-10 and 19S6 reduced by 31.93% and 63.31%,respectively,compared to CK. Under 50-200 mmol/L NaCl stress,compared to CK,the proline content of S05-10 increased by 44.38%-142.62%,the malondialdehyde content increased by 7.12%-21.36%,and the relative conductivity of leaves increased by 0.04%-28.52%;while the proline content of 19S6 increased by 4.01%-19.74%,the malondialdehyde content increased by 5.00%-102.50% and the relative conductivity of leaves increased by 18.24%-28.96%. Under 100 and 150 mmol/L NaCl stress,the SOD activity of S05-10 increased by 17.77% and 20.43%,respectively,in comparison to CK. Under 50 to 200 mmol/L NaCl stress,the SOD activity of 19S6 was generally steady and increased by 1.86% to 3.73% compared to CK.【Conclusion】Under 100-200 mmol/L NaCl stress,sunflower seed germination and seedling growth were inhibited,with 19S6 showing more inhibition than S05-10 did. Under NaCl stress,19S6 suffered more serious salt damage,with serious leaf membrane lipid peroxidation and electrolyte leakage. The increase in malondialdehyde content and relative leaf conductivity were both significantly higher than those of S05-10. By accumulating more osmotic regulatory substances(proline)and boosting the activity of antioxidant enzymes(SOD)under NaCl stress,S05-10 reduced stress and improved salt tolerance. Under NaCl stress,19S6′s proline content and SOD activity did not change considerably,and its salt tolerance was evidently insufficient.

【Objective】The effects of agronomic traits and forage quality of different oat varieties on their regeneration yield were clarified,which provided reference for the follow-up research and production practice of oat regeneration.【Methods】Taking 41 oat varieties as research materials,cutting at the heading stage of oats,the agronomic traits(plant height,flag leaf area,forage dry matter quality),forage quality traits(crude protein,crude fat,soluble sugar),regeneration capacity,and regeneration yield of oats were statistically analyzed,and the fuzzy mathematics membership function method was utilized to thoroughly evaluate the reproduction ability of oats.【Results】The coefficient of variation of plant height,flag leaf area and forage dry matter quality of oats cut at heading stage was 15.68%-22.83%.The coefficient of variation of crude protein content,crude fat content and soluble sugar content was 8.11% to 23.46%. The coefficient of variation of regeneration capacity and regeneration yield were 31.75% and 24.12%,respectively. The results of the correlation study revealed a positive correlation between the area of the flag leaf and the regeneration yield(P<0.05),a extreme positive correlation between the crude protein,crude fat,and soluble sugar contents and the regeneration yield(P<0.01)as well as a extreme positive correlation between regeneration capacity and regeneration yield(P<0.01). The top 10 species of oat,as determined by the thorough examination of 8 oat character indexes using fuzzy mathematics membership function method,were Monida,Baiyan No. 7,Aota,Mengte,Mengyan No. 1,Kuibeike,Beile,Qingyin No. 3,Tianyan No. 2 and Neiyan No. 5. Among them,Monida and Baiyan No. 7 had the best comprehensive characters,with strong regeneration capacity,good quality traits,and high regeneration yield. The full evaluation average value was 0.89、0.87.【Conclusion】When the oats were cut at heading stage,the crude protein content,crude fat content and soluble sugar content were positively correlated with the regeneration yield. The oat varieties with better regeneration capacity were Monida,Baiyan No. 7,Aota,Mengte,Mengyan No. 1,Kuibeike,Beile,Qingyin No. 3,Tianyan No. 2 and Neiyan No. 5.

【Objective】Examine the virulence and field efficacy of several fungicides and their combinations against Cercospora beticola to guide the management of beet leaf spot disease.【Methods】The mycelial growth rate method was used to assess the virulence of 12 fungicides against Cercospora beticola. The field efficacy of various fungicides and their combinations were examined.【Results】40% flusilazole was the most virulent against Cercospora beticola with EC₅₀ value of 0.13 μg/mL. With a co-toxicity coefficient of 137.17,the combination consisting of 45% fentin acetate+37% difenoconazole 1∶1 compound had the strongest synergistic effect. The field efficacy of 45% fentin acetate+37% difenoconazole 1∶1 compound,50% pyrazole ether fungus ester+45% fentin acetate 1∶1 compound and 40% flusilazole were 78.91%,77.86% and 77.31%,respectively,with good control effect.【Conclusion】Beet leaf spot was well controlled by 45% fentin acetate+37% difenoconazole 1∶1 compound,50% pyrazole ether fungus ester+45% fentin acetate 1∶1 compound,and 40% flusilazole.

【Objective】To clarify the weed control effect and the safety of varying application doses of pre-seedling blocking herbicides,metolachlor and pendimethalin on chickpea seedlings.【Methods】The weed control effect and the safety of chickpea growth in the field were evaluated using a random block design of 96% metolachlor EC 1 200 mL/hm²(C1),1 500 mL/hm²(C2),1 800 mL/hm²(C3),3 000 mL/hm²(C4)and clean water(CK1),or 450 g/L pendimethalin CS 1 500 mL/hm²(T1),2 250 mL/hm²(T2),3 000 mL/hm²(T3),4 500 mL/hm²(T4)and clean water(CK2)combined with 87.5% 2,4-D isooctyl ester EC 600 mL/hm².【Results】96% metolachlor EC and 450 g/L pendimethalin CS combined with 87.5% 2,4-D isooctyl ester EC could effectively control monocotyledonous weeds and dicotyledonous weeds in chickpea field. The control effect of C4 treatment was significantly higher than that of other treatments(P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the control effect on monocotyledonous weeds and total weeds between T4 treatment and T3 treatment 45 days after application(P>0.05). The control effect of T4 treatment on dicotyledonous weeds and total weeds was significantly higher than that of other treatments 30 days after application(P<0.05). Different doses of 96% metolachlor EC and 450 g/L pendimethalin CS did not cause any damage to chickpea seedlings.【Conclusion】96% metolachlor EC 3 000 mL/hm² and 450 g/L pendimethalin CS 4 500 mL/hm² had better control effects on monocotyledonous weeds,dicotyledonous weeds,and total weeds. The test doses were safe for chickpea growth.

【Objective】To clarify the molecular mechanism of salicylic acid induced rice blast resistance.【Methods】Using Hwayoung rice seedlings as test material,the in vitro inhibitory effect of salicylic acid on Magnaporthe oryzae was evaluated. Rice seedlings were induced by salicylic acid(sterile water as control)and then inoculated with Magnaporthe oryzae JC2. The changes in histone acetylation and gene expression related to rice disease course were studied.【Results】Salicylic acid had no significant inhibitory effect on the in vitro growth rate,spore quantity,and spore germination rate of Magnaporthe oryzae. The histone modification levels of H3K9ac and H4K5ac showed an increased trend when the rice seedlings were induced by different concentrations of salicylic acid,and the resistance to rice blast was also improved. Compared with the control plants,in 0.05 mmol/L salicylic acid induced and inoculated 2 d plants(sampled 24 h after inoculation),the expression levels of OsPR1b、OsPAL、OsNH1 and WRKY13 increased extreme significantly(P<0.01).【Conclusion】After rice plants were induced by salicylic acid,the histone acetylation modification level was elevated and the resistance to rice blast was improved.

【Objective】To clarify the host range of tomato yellow leaf curl virus(TYLCV)and to offer a theoretical foundation for the prevention and control of TYLCV in Shaanxi Province.【Methods】158 samples of 11 crops and 283 samples of 32 common weeds from Dali County,Jingyang County,and Yangling Demonstration Area in Shaanxi Province were collected at different time points and tested for TYLCV by PCR.【Results】Cucumber,pepper,eggplant,cowpea and weed amaranth all carried TYLCV,were the intermediate host of TYLCV and important sources of infection. Sequence alignment results further confirmed that the pathogen on these crops was tomato yellow leaf curl virus.【Conclusion】TYLCV could infect cucumber,pepper,eggplant,cowpea and amaranth. These were the intermediate hosts of TYLCV.

【Objective】Screen the strains having antagonistic activity against carrot root rot pathogen and assess the indoor toxicity of 19 fungicides to carrot root rot.【Methods】The inhibition effect of the antagonistic strain on the pathogen of carrot root rot was determined by in vitro and in vivo antagonism method. The mycelium growth rate method was used to assess the indoor toxicity inhibitory effects of 19 fungicides on the pathogen.【Results】Bacillus atrophaeus DM3-18 had in vivo inhibitory rate of 72.17% on the carrot root rot pathogen. Out of the 19 fungicides,carbendazim had the best inhibitory activity against carrot root rot pathogen,with an EC₅₀ value of 0.002 8 mg/L;prochloraz,tebuconazole,thiophanate methyl,tridemorph,difenoconazole·propiconazole,trifloxystrobin·tebuconazole,and difenoconazole·azoxystrobin also had good inhibitory effects,with EC₅₀ value less than 20 mg/L;with an EC₅₀ value of 8 407.936 8 mg/L,metalaxyl-hymexazol had the worst inhibitory effect.【Conclusion】Bacillus atrophicus is an antagonistic strain for biological control of carrot root rot that has the potential for further development and application. Carbendazim has inhibitory impact on the carrot root rot pathogen and can be used to control the disease.

【Objective】To clarify the application effect and suitable substitution ratio of organic fertilizer for chemical fertilizer in the cultivation of sunflowers in the Hetao Irrigation Area.【Methods】The experiment was carried out in Linhe District,Bayannur City,Inner Mongolia. Six treatments,including 100% organic nitrogen(100% M),25% chemical fertilizer nitrogen+75% organic nitrogen(75% M),50% chemical fertilizer nitrogen+50% organic nitrogen(50% M),75% chemical fertilizer nitrogen+25% organic nitrogen(25% M),optimized chemical fertilizer(NE)and no nitrogen fertilizer(CK),were set up to establish the regression equation between the organic fertilizer substitution ratio and sunflower yield. Analyze the effects of different organic fertilizer substitution ratios on the crude fat content,fatty acid composition,grain rust,nitrogen utilization efficiency and soil nutrients.【Results】 Sunflower treated with 25%M had the maximum yield of 5 626.47 kg/hm² and was 30.70% greater than CK(P<0.05). According to regression analysis,the best substitution ratio for organic fertilizer in the cultivation of sunflowers was 18.86%. With an increase in the ratio of organic fertilizer substitution,the proportion of unsaturated fatty acids in sunflower seeds increased. Organic fertilizer substitute chemical fertilizer,the crude fat content of sunflower seeds marginally increased,while grain rust disease index and incidence rate dropped. 25%M treatment had the highest nitrogen fertilizer utilization rate and agronomic efficiency,which were 4.85 percentage point and 0.89 kg/kg higher than those of NE treatment,respectively. As the organic fertilizer substitution ratio increased,so did the contents of soil organic matter,available phosphorus,and available potassium.【Conclusion】When the optimal proportion of organic fertilizer substitution was 18.86%,the yield of sunflower was highest,the amount of crude fat and unsaturated fatty acids in the seeds increased,the disease index and incidence rate of grain rust decreased,and the nitrogen fertilizer utilization rate increased,soil enriched.

【Objective】Improve the soil environment in the mining area and the ecological utilization value of coal based solid wastes and agricultural wastes.【Methods】Taking alfalfa as the test plant and no agricultural waste as the control group,pot experiment was conducted to analyse pure soil(N),5% weathered coal(A),5% coal slime(B),10% coal gangue(C)and the mixtures of 5% weathered coal+5% coal slime(AB),5% weathered coal+5% coal slime+10% coal gangue(ABC)combined with 5% agricultural waste cow dung(N+F,A+F,B+F,C+F,AB+F,ABC+F)on the growth and development of alfalfa and soil improvement.【Results】Applying coal based solid waste treatments C,AB,and ABC,the total biomass of alfalfa rose by 36%,45%,and 40%(P<0.05)in comparison to pure soil(N). Applying coal slime treatments B,AB,and ABC increased the key enzyme of nitrogen metabolism glutamic acid synthase(GOGAT)by 16%-19%(P<0.05). Applying weathered coal treatments A,AB,and ABC increased the key enzymes of alfalfa carbon metabolism acid sucrose invertase(AI)and sucrose synthase(SS)by 37%-52% and 19%-26%(P<0.05),respectively. Applying agricultural waste group(+F),the above ground biomass of alfalfa rose by 37% to 51%(P<0.05) in comparison to the control group and GAGOT,AI and SS activities respectively increased by 12% to 19%,19% to 37% and 19% to 26%(P<0.05). Compared with pure soil(N),soil organic matter of A,B,AB and ABC treatment increased 2.2-2.6 times(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the content of soil dissolved organic carbon and available phosphorus in the agricultural waste addition group increased by 9%-15%,56%-194%(P<0.05);B+F,C+F,AB+F,ABC+F treatment group the activity of soil microbial carbon and nitrogen metabolism related enzymes S-β-GC and S-UE increased by 21%-183% and 13%-146% respectively(P<0.05). The combination of coal based solid waste and agricultural waste ABC+F was the best treatment for the principal component,with alfalfa biomass been the highest at 0.15 g/cm²;the activities of alfalfa key enzymes of carbon and nitrogen metabolism SS and GOGAT been the highest at 25.89 mg/(g·h)and 4.41 μmol/(g·min);soil organic matter comtent at the highest of 6.81%;enzymes related to soil microbial carbon and nitrogen metabolism S-β-GC and S-UE been the highest at 43.18 μg/(g·h)and 2.66 μmol/(g·min).【Conclusion】The ABC+F treatment significantly increased the biomass of alfalfa as well as the activities of key enzymes involved in the metabolism of carbon and nitrogen(AI,SS,and GOGAT),improved yield and quality of alfalfa,and was advantageous for promoting soil nutrient accumulation with the best effect on soil improvement.

【Objective】To investigate a more sensible grazing and fertilization mode in mildly degraded natural Leymus chinensisgrassland and to serve as a guide for raising the quality of the forage.【Methods】In a random block design,the plant height,leaf fresh weight and leaf Ca,Fe,and Zn content were measured under various grazing conditions including different grazing intensity[no grazing(CK),light grazing,medium grazing,and heavy grazing],different grazing modes[no grazing(CK),cattle herding alone,sheep herding alone,mixed grazing of cattle and sheep],as well as different fertilization modes[no fertilizer(CK),NPK compound fertilizer,humic acid fertilizer,ammonium nitrate].【Results】Heavy grazing increased the Fe content of Leymus chinensis leaves by 76% compared with CK(P<0.05). Cattle herding alone,sheep herding alone,mixed grazing of cattle and sheep increased the Fe content in Leymus chinensis leaves by 36%,174%,and 164% compared with CK(P<0.05). The Ca,Fe,and Zn content in Leymus chinensis leaves were unaffected by light or medium grazing,application of NPK compound fertilizer,humic acid fertilizer,or ammonium nitrate. In comparison with CK,applying 75,150,225 kg/hm² NPK compound fertilizer and 1 500 kg/hm² humic acid,the plant height of Leymus chinensis rose by 10.0%,22.1%,28.5%,and 13.0%,respectively. When 150 and 225 kg/hm² NPK compound fertilizer were applied,the fresh weight of Leymus chinensis rose by 35.0% and 63.0%,respectively(P<0.05). The application of 75 kg/hm² of NPK compound fertilizer 1 500 kg/hm² of humic acid and in comparison with CK had no significant impact on the fresh weight of Leymus chinensis(P>0.05). The application of varying concentrations of ammonium nitrate had no significant effect on Leymus chinensis plant height and fresh weight(P>0.05).【Conclusion】For mildly degraded natural Leymus chinensis grassland heavy grazing,cattle herding alone,sheep herding alone,and mixed grazing of cattle and sheep all encouraged the accumulation of Fe content in the leaves of Leymus chinensisand improved the feeding quality of Leymus chinensis. Applying NPK compound fertilizer and humic acid boosted the increase in plant height and fresh weight of Leymus chinensis.

【Objective】To clarify the effects of organic acid metabolism and soluble sugar changes on the dormancy of Gladiolus gandavensis corms,and to provide the basis for improving the precision cultivation techniques of cut flowers.【Methods】The germination experiment was carried out using current-year corms of the Gladiolus gandavensis cultivar “Pink Friendship”,which had been stored at 10 ℃ for varying lengths of time. The changes in the organic acid and soluble sugar components and contents in the dormant corm of Gladiolus gandavensis were analyzed by liquid chromatography.【Results】Under low temperature(10 ℃)treatment,the dormancy of Gladiolus gandavensis corms began to release after 20 d,and was completely released after 60 d. The processes of dormancy and dormancy release were associated with isoleucine(Ile),lysine(Lys),proline(Pro),aminobutyric acid(GABA),malic acid(MA),and citric acid(CA).The contents of these organic acids increased at 60 d,with the contents of GABA and CA changing most significantly(P<0.05). The content of soluble sugar in Gladiolus gandavensis corm significantly increased at 40 d(P<0.05),while the content of glucose,maloccharide,and maltose decreased at 60 d. The sugar-acid ratio of dormant corms decreased when dormancy was partially released,increased when dormancy was completely released.【Conclusion】The release of dormancy in Gladiolus gandavensis corms was closely correlated with variations in the contents of organic acid and soluble sugar.

【Objective】To address the demands of large-scale planting of Xanthoceras sorbifolia,a large-scale regeneration system using tissue culture seedlings of the plant was constructed.【Methods】The explants of Xanthoceras sorbifolia were induced by tissue culture using the stem segments of the plant as experimental materials. The effects of various hormone doses on the induction,proliferation,and rooting of adventitious buds were examined to determine the optimal medium for Xanthoceras sorbifolia tissue culture.【Results】For adventitious bud induction,MS+0.10 mg/L TDZ+1.00 mg/L 6-BA+0.02 mg/L NAA+0.50 mg/L AC(activated carbon)medium had the highest induction rate of 68.57%. MS+0.5 mg/L 6-BA+0.2 mg/L IBA+0.1 mg/L AC+1.0 mg/L GA₃+1.0 g/L Ca(NO₃)₂ medium had the highest proliferation coefficient of 3.20. Rooting medium 1/2MS+0.5 mg/L IBA had the highest rooting rate of 65.56%. Equal proportion mixture of perlite,pine needle soil and pastoral soil as the transplanting medium significantly increased the survival rate of sorbent seedlings,which was 88.75%.【Conclusion】The optimal adventitious bud medium was MS+0.10 mg/L TDZ+1.00 mg/L 6-BA+0.02 mg/L NAA+0.50 mg/L AC. The optimal proliferation medium was MS+0.5 mg/L 6-BA+0.2 mg/L IBA+0.1 mg/L AC+1.0 mg/L GA₃+1.0 g/L Ca(NO₃)₂. The optimal rooting medium was 1/2MS+0.5 mg/L IBA. And the optimal transplanting medium was equal proportion mixture of perlite,pine needle soil and pastoral soil.

【Objective】Understanding the pollen,fruit,and seed surfaces morphological traits of Pugionium Gaertn. and provide basis for the evolutionary history and the classification of species within the Pugionium Gaertn. genus.【Methods】The morphological features of Pugionium Gaertn. pollen,fruit,and seeds were observed using a Hitachi S-530 scanning electron microscope,and the observation results were analyzed.【Results】The pollen of Pugionium Gaertn. was small to medium-sized,long spherical,with three germinating grooves(P/E 1.23-1.43),reticular carving,deep and large mesh,and numerous rectangular holes on the ridge. The germination groove of P. dolabratum var. platypterum H. L. Yang was shorter and shallower than those of P. cornutum(L.)Gaertn.,P. calcaratum Kom.,and P. dolabratum Maxim.,and the groove film was not apparent. The fruit of Pugionium Gaertn. were samara with nearly equal wings on either side. Among them,P. dolabratum Maxim.,P. dolabratum var. platypterum H. L. Yang and P. calcaratum Kom. had flat angles between the wings while P. cornutum(L.)Gaertn. had an obtuse angle between the wings. P. dolabratum var. platypterum H. L. Yang had the widest wing,and P. dolabratum Maxim. had the longest wing. The seed coat of Pugionium Gaertn. was glossy yellowish brown with barely perceptible seed pores. The hilum was located at the base of the ventral surface. The seed of P. calcaratumKom. was biconvex shape with no dip at the raphe,which was different from the kidney shape of other species,with obvious depression on both sides of the raphe P. dolabratum var. platypterum H. L. Yang seeds had reticulated shallow dish-shaped surface with hairs on the murus,in contrast to other species′irregular mesh.【Conclusion】The pollen and seed coat micromorphology revealed that within the genus there were intraspecific similarities as well as interspecific distinctiveness,supporting the idea that P. dolabratum var. platypterum H. L. Yang was a distinct species.

【Objective】To understand the species,quantity and functions of medicinal plants on the Yuxi Normal University campus,so as to provide reference for the cognition and utilization of medicinal plants.【Methods】Comprehensive and on-the-spot investigation combined with literature search was used for statistics and analysis of the medicinal plant resources on the campus of Yuxi Normal University.【Results】On the campus of Yuxi Normal University,there were 85 species of medicinal plants,which were from 32 orders,43 families,and 79 genera. Of these,25 species of plants belonged to the Compositae. There were 50 species of medicinal plants with whole grass as the medicinal part and 29 species with the pharmacological activity of heat-clearing.【Conclusion】The campus of Yuxi Normal University is rich in medicinal plant resources,mainly Compositae plants.

Leafy vegetables can satisfy people′s daily requirements to minerals, vitamins,and dietary fiber and therefore are essential ingredients for meals. Plant viruses severely threaten the production of leafy vegetables,causing yield and quality losses,even to crop failure. In this work,we reviewed the transmission,host range,genome organization and symptoms of 22 viruses which infect spinach,celery,lettuce,cauliflower,and leeks,made suggestions for antiviral genes selection and control of virus diseases, and provided references for the study and control of viruses in leafy vegetables.