北方农业学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (5): 88-97.doi: 10.12190/j.issn.2096-1197.2025.05.09

• 土壤肥料·生理生化 • 上一篇    下一篇

调补钙技术对库尔勒香梨石细胞含量及果实品质的影响

张在花1, 覃伟铭2, 丁玮琳1, 孙明明1, 王琳1, 张培苹3, 姜振萃3, 常大勇1   

  1. 1.烟台凯多海洋生物研究院有限公司,山东 烟台 264000;
    2.新疆库尔勒香梨产业发展有限公司,新疆 库尔勒 841000;
    3.烟台市农业技术推广中心,山东 烟台 264000
  • 收稿日期:2025-02-19 出版日期:2025-10-20 发布日期:2026-01-20
  • 通讯作者: 常大勇(1966—),男,正高级工程师,博士,主要从事新型肥料研究与应用方面的工作。
  • 作者简介:张在花(1990—),女,中级工程师,硕士,主要从事新型肥料研究与应用方面的工作。
  • 基金资助:
    山东省自然科学基金重大基础研究项目(ZR2020ZD43)

Effects of calcium regulation and supplementation techniques on stone cell content and fruit quality in Korla fragrant pear

ZHANG Zaihua1, QIN Weiming2, DING Weilin1, SUN Mingming1, WANG Lin1, ZHANG Peiping3, JIANG Zhencui3, CHANG Dayong1   

  1. 1. Yantai Chito Marine Biology Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Yantai 264000,China;
    2. Xinjiang Korla Fragrant Pear Industry Development Co.,Ltd.,Korla 841000,China;
    3. Yantai Agricultural Technology Extension Center,Yantai 264000,China
  • Received:2025-02-19 Online:2025-10-20 Published:2026-01-20

摘要: 【目的】 探讨内源调钙与外源补钙技术对库尔勒香梨石细胞含量及果实品质的影响。【方法】 以树龄8年、树形疏散分层的库尔勒香梨树为试验材料,设置4种不同处理方式,分别为T1:4月12日、4月23日、5月12日、7月24日、8月2日叶面喷施调钙素;T2:调钙素处理同T1,同时在5月12日、8月2日在梨树根部冲施钙全微;T3:调钙素处理同T1,同时在5月12日、8月2日在梨树根部冲施进口钙肥;CK:清水喷施。测定各处理果实中石细胞含量以及成熟期石细胞团直径和密度,并分析不同处理对采摘期果实外观品质和内在品质的影响。【结果】 各时期T2处理库尔勒香梨石细胞含量均最小;与CK、T1处理、T3处理相比,成熟期T2处理石细胞含量分别显著降低67.63%、43.25%、24.21%(P<0.05),石细胞团直径分别降低7.24%、4.37%、1.69%。采摘期,T2处理脱萼果占比最高(66%);与CK、T1处理、T3处理相比,T2处理脱萼果的单果重分别增加8.80%、3.37%、0.62%,果实硬度分别增加19.36%、4.25%、0.78%,可溶性固形物含量分别增加50.90%、14.57%、1.14%,维生素C含量分别增加46.49%、21.12%、3.89%,可溶性糖含量分别增加13.29%、5.28%、1.83%,可滴定酸含量分别降低27.27%、11.93%、4.95%,单宁含量分别降低43.06%、21.15%、12.77%,钙含量分别增加10.69%、4.46%、1.13%。【结论】 调钙素与钙全微协同调控可有效降低库尔勒香梨果实中的石细胞含量,提高脱萼果占比、单果重和果实硬度,增加果实中可溶性固形物、维生素C、可溶性糖、钙的含量,降低可滴定酸、单宁的含量,是适宜库尔勒香梨果实品质提升的调补钙技术。

关键词: 调钙素, 钙全微, 调补钙技术, 库尔勒香梨, 石细胞含量, 果实品质

Abstract: 【Objective】 To explore the effects of endogenous calcium regulation and exogenous calcium supplementation techniques on stone cell content and fruit quality in Korla fragrant pear.【Methods】 Eight-year-old Korla fragrant pear trees with an open-center canopy were used as experimental materials,and four different treatments were established:T1,foliar spraying of calcium regulator on April 12,April 23,May 12,July 24,and August 2;T2,same calcium regulator treatment as T1,with additional root flushing application of Calcium Quanwei on May 12 and August 2;T3,same calcium regulator treatment as T1,with additional root flushing application of imported calcium fertilizer on May 12 and August 2;CK,spraying with clear water. Stone cell content in fruits from each treatment and the diameter and density of stone cell clusters at the maturity stage were determined,and the effects of different treatments on external and internal quality of fruits at the harvest stage were analyzed.【Results】 The stone cell content in Korla fragrant pear under T2 treatment was the lowest at all stages. Compared with CK,T1 treatment,and T3 treatment,the stone cell content under T2 treatment at the maturity stage was significantly reduced by 67.63%,43.25%,and 24.21%,respectively(P<0.05),and the diameter of stone cell clusters was reduced by 7.24%,4.37%,and 1.69%,respectively. At the harvest stage,the proportion of calyx shedding fruits under T2 treatment was the highest(66%). Compared with CK,T1 treatment,and T3 treatment,the single fruit weight of calyx shedding fruits under T2 treatment increased by 8.80%,3.37%,and 0.62%,respectively;fruit hardness increased by 19.36%,4.25%,and 0.78%,respectively;soluble solids content increased by 50.90%,14.57%,and 1.14%,respectively;vitamin C content increased by 46.49%,21.12%,and 3.89%,respectively;soluble sugar content increased by 13.29%,5.28%,and 1.83%,respectively;titratable acid content decreased by 27.27%,11.93%,and 4.95%,respectively;tannin content decreased by 43.06%,21.15%,and 12.77%,respectively;calcium content increased by 10.69%,4.46%,and 1.13%,respectively.【Conclusion】 The synergistic regulation of calcium regulator and Calcium Quanwei can effectively reduce stone cell content in Korla fragrant pear fruits,increase the proportion of calyx shedding fruits,single fruit weight,and fruit hardness,elevate the contents of soluble solids,vitamin C,soluble sugars,and calcium in fruits,and decrease the contents of titratable acid and tannin,making it a suitable calcium regulation and supplementation technique for improving fruit quality in Korla fragrant pear.

Key words: Calcium regulator, Calcium Quanwei, Calcium regulation and supplementation technique, Korla fragrant pear, Stone cell content, Fruit quality

中图分类号: 

  • S661.2