Abstract: 【Objective】To explore the reasons for the sustained growth of China's agricultural output under the background of large-scale transfer of rural labor force.【Methods】From the perspective of generalized capital deepening, hypotheses on the reason for the sustained increase of agricultural output under the condition of decreasing labor input were put forward in this paper , and the causes of agricultural output growth under the condition of reduced labor factors were analyzed, four theoretical hypotheses were put forward and then to analyze their rationality of the hypotheses empirically by means of the intermediary effect test.【Results】The deepening of material capital in the eastern and western regions played a part of intermediary role between labor transfer and agricultural output; the deepening of human capital played an intermediary role in the eastern and western regions under the regulation of material capital deepening, while the central region only has a regulatory role.【Conclusion】The intermediary effect of generalized capital deepening was significant in the eastern and western regions, but not in the central region.

Key words: Labor transfer, Generalized capital deepening, The growth of agricultural output, Mediation effect