间作条件下行株距配置对向日葵生长和土壤养分的影响

doi:10.12190/j.issn.2096-1197.2026.03.06

Abstract

Abstract: 【Objective】To clarify the effects of adjusting row and plant spacing configuration in Helianthus annuus-Vicia villosa intercropping under equal planting density on H. annuus growth and soil nutrients.【Methods】By increasing row spacing and decreasing plant spacing,planting density was kept constant. Five treatments were set：row spacing 80 cm,plant spacing 60 cm（R80+P60）;row spacing 100 cm,plant spacing 52 cm（R100+P52）;row spacing 120 cm,plant spacing 45 cm（R120+P45）;row spacing 140 cm,plant spacing 40 cm（R140+P40）;and row spacing 160 cm,plant spacing 36 cm（R160+P36）. The effects of different treatments on H. annuus growth,water use efficiency,soil nutrients,and soil water storage capacity were analyzed. The entropy weight-TOPSIS method was used to select the optimal row and plant spacing configuration.【Results】Under the R100+P52 treatment,H. annuus yield was the highest at 3.54 t/hm²,and was significantly higher than that of other treatments（P<0.05）;plant height was the highest（186.11 cm）,stem diameter was the largest（2.28 cm）,and disc diameter was the largest（19.28 cm）;dry matter accumulation was the highest at 11.13 t/hm²;nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium accumulation in H. annuus were all the highest,at 140.86,29.79,and 208.81 kg/hm²,respectively. Under the R100+P52 treatment,soil available phosphorus,available potassium,and organic carbon contents were higher;soil water storage capacity was the strongest,and H. annuus water use efficiency was the highest. Comprehensive evaluation using the entropy weight-TOPSIS method showed that the ranking of row and plant spacing configurations was R100+P52>R120+P45>R80+P60>R140+P40>R160+P36.【Conclusion】Appropriately increasing row spacing and decreasing plant spacing of H. annuus,and intercropping V. villosa significantly affects H. annuus growth and soil nutrients. The optimal configuration is a row spacing 100 cm and plant spacing 52 cm.

Key words: Helianthus annuus, Intercropping, Row spacing, Plant spacing, Yield, Agronomic traits, Soil nutrients

CLC Number:

S565.5

KONG Shuo, AN Hao, LIANG Junmei, ZHANG Tingting, LAN Huiqing, HOU Jianwei, BAI Zichen, GUO Xuejiao, WANG Dongping, ZHANG Jun. Effects of row and plant spacing configuration on Helianthus annuus growth and soil nutrients under intercropping conditions[J].Journal of Northern Agriculture, 2026, 54(3): 58-65.

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Effects of row and plant spacing configuration on Helianthus annuus growth and soil nutrients under intercropping conditions

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