Abstract: China＇s ethnic minority areas of urban and rural residents＂ income gap was the two characteristics, Inner Mongolia, Gansu, Qinghai, Ningxia, Guangxi and Guizhou, the income gap between urban and rural residents in expanding.while the income gap between urban and rural residents in Xinjiang, Sichuan, Yunnan and Tibet wasabsolute income disparities, relative income reduced ＂characteristics. Natural and geographical factors, historical factors, factors of economic development, institutional factors, and ethnic and cultural factors are the causes of the income of urban and rural residents in China＇s ethnic minority areas. Based on the findings, we propose suggestions to narrow the gap between the income of urban and rural residents in China＇s ethnic minority areas.