Abstract: Pests and diseases significantly affect the quality and economic benefit of apple-pear in Bayannur. To effectively control the damage, a field survey was conducted in 2013 with the purpose to reduce the use of pesticides and the residue on the surface of fruit, to meet the hygiene standards of green food, and to bring the city＇s natural advantage into full play. The main species affecting fruit production were the ＂four pests and two diseases＂, which pests were aphids, spider mites, moth and pear psylla, and diseases were rot disease and leaf amargin dieback. With a systematical observation, we managed to find out the occurrence regularity of those pests and diseases.