Abstract: The low temperature storage is one of the more frequently used in modern storage technology, mainly by controlling the temperature to make food in low temperature condition, and increase the stability of grain, delay grain aging,to keep the food quality and freshness better. Low temperature storage as the world recognized as the most safe, reliable,reasonable, and to meet the requirements of green environmental protection technology, is China＇s grain storage work with directional one technical measures, the popularization and application of the current green grain storage technology is the preferred method. Based on rice as the research object, under the low temperature and room temperature to the same varieties of paddy fatty acid value, it is concluded that low temperature storage has a certain positive influence on the storage quality,provide reference for safety green grain storage at low temperature.