Abstract: s：Onion seeds at room temperature for five years in sand storage as the experimental material,with matrix sowing, antioxidant system and its seedling stage storage substance content changes were determined, we studied physiological and biochemical changes in the storage aging process, and explored the sand onion seed longevity and the factors that affect its life to provide theoretical basis and the instruction for its seed storage and production.The results showed that content of malondialdehyde （MDA）,generation rate of superoxide anion radical （O2-） decreased at first,then increased with the extension of storage time.activity of superoxide dismutase （SOD）,catalase （ CAT） and content of soluble sugar increased at first,then decreased.