Abstract: Based on collection and arrangement of historical material,using the mathematical statistics analysis method ,hierarchical sequence features,decadal change,seasonal change,periodic variation and reason of drought disaster were analyzed for the Jiexiu Region during the Qing dynasty and the Republic of China.The results showed that there were 72 times drought disasters in total,approximately once every 4.3 years on average.Level 1 drought occured 29 times, accounting for 40.3% of the total number of drought.Above moderate drought proportion was 59.7% ,which was beyond the drought half of the total. This had significant characteristics between the late Qing dynasty to the republic of China.The drought frequency was significantly higher in early and it was a severe drought season and drought. The main cause of the drought was less rainfall than normal years. The imbalance of contradiction between human and land intensified drought frequency and severity.