Abstract: Based on the data of growth and development period and yield of natural herbage on the northern slope of central Tianshan Mountains and the data of atmospheric temperature, accumulated temperature, precipitation and sunshine hours collected by Urnmqi Animal Husbandry Meteorological Observation Station of Xinjiang from ：2004-2015, the impact of meteorological condition on growth, development and yield of natural herbage in this region was assessed. The results showed that there were differences in temperature requirement during the returning green period in spring between different species of natural herbage, the temperature requirement of eryophilic herbage ranged from -0.3 ℃ to 1.1 ℃ and that of thermophilie herbage ranged from 3.5 ℃ to 9.5℃;the time point when the withering period of herbage presented was in accord with that when the daily average atmospheric temperature reached around 5℃, indicating that the latter had predictive significance for the former; differences in accumulated temperature requirement in different growth periods between varied species of natural herbage were also observed; the average time interval between returning green period and withering period of gramineous herbage was about 160 days and that of leguminous herbage was about 140 days, the longest average time interval was 18 days hmger than the shortest one in the five species of natural herbage; the yield of herbage was largely impacted by precipitation and atmospheric temperature and it had identical changing rule with precipitation and atmospheric temperature before maturation; compared to fresh weight, the dry weight of herbage had higher correlation coefficient with meteorological factors, indicating that the estimative calculation of dry weight of herbage with accumulated temperature, precipitation and sunshine hours was more appropriate; in the correlation coefficients between herbage yield and different meteorological tactors, the highest one was observed in precipitation followed by accumulated temperature, and the lowest one was found in sunshine hours; annual precipitation and seasonal distribution of precipitation had impact on yield of natural herbage on the northern slope of central Tianshan Mountains, especially the annual yield of natural herbage depended on the precipitation in June and July. The combined data suggest that the meteorological condition on the northern slope of central Tianshan Mountains has impact on growth and development period of natural herbage in this region, and selected meteorological factors has predictive significance for the yield of natural herbage.