关键词: 喹诺酮类药物, 禽蛋产品, 风险评估, 残留, 监测

Abstract: [Objective] This study was conducted to monitor the quinolone residues in poultry egg products in Bijie City, Guizhou Province, and to assess the risk of quinolone residues.[Method]A total of 231 batches of poultry egg products were randomly collected from poultry farms, supermarkets and agricultural markets in Bijie City from January to November 2023. A solid phase extraction-liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry method was used to detect the residue levels of 7 quinolones （enrofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, defloxacin, norfloxacin, ofloxacin, lomefloxacin and pefloxacin）. The safety of quinolone residues in poultry egg products was evaluated by point assessment in exposure assessment combined with the index of food safety （IFS）.[Result]The 7 quinolones had good linear correlation in the concentration range from 0.005 to 0.1 μg/mL, with correlation coefficients （R²） all greater than 0.990. The recovery rates at 3 spiking levels （2, 6 and 10 μg/kg） ranged from 64.2% to 106.0%, with relative standard deviation （RSD） less than 15% （n=6）. The detection limit and quantification limit of the method were 0.02-0.33 μg/kg and 0.07-1.10 μg/kg, respectively. The used method was proved to be simple and fast, to have high accuracy, good precision and strong selectivity, and met the detection demands of quinolone residues in poultry egg products. Among the 231 batches of poultry egg products sampled, the residues of enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin was observed in 15 batches, with a detection rate of 6.5% and a residue range of 0.94-15.1 μg/kg. Among these, 3 batches had enrofloxacin residue that exceeded the maximum residue limit （10 μg/kg） specified in the National Food Safety Standard-Maximum Residue Limits for 41 Veterinary Drugs in Foods （GB 31650.1-2022） of China, with a exceeding rate of 1.3%. The average, minimum and maximum values of IFS for quinolone residues in poultry egg products in Bijie City were 5.23×10^-4, 1.39×10^-4 and 8.61×10^-4, respectively, and these values were far less than 1.[Conclusion]The quinolone residues in poultry egg products in Bijie City had minor impacts on human health and the risk was acceptable. Supervision and random inspection should be strengthened.

Key words: quinolone, poultry egg product, risk assessment, residue, monitoring