Abstract:

With the development of medical laboratory technology, people have gained deeper understanding of respiratory tract micro-ecology and begun to explore the relationship between microbiome and respiratory diseases. More and more evidence suggested that the respiratory tract microbiota is associated with the stability of the pulmonary environment and the occurrence of pulmonary diseases. The current research focused on exploring the causality and potential mechanisms between dysbiosis of respiratory tract microbiota and respiratory diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, and lung cancer. Phlegm, as the preferred sample for respiratory tract micro-ecology research, contains rich micro-ecological information and is easily accessible. This paper summarizes the detection methods of respiratory tract bacterial flora, reviews the research progress of respiratory tract micro-ecology in recent years, and explores the relationship between respiratory tract micro-ecology and the occurrence and progression of respiratory diseases, in hoping to provide new ideas for the specific diagnosis and treatment of respiratory diseases.

Key words: respiratory tract micro-ecology, respiratory disease, 16S rDNA sequencing, bacterial optical detection method