In order to investigate the effect of grazing intensity on soil moisture in desert grassland, the randomized block design method and correspondence analysis method were used to study the influence of lightly grazing （LG）, moderate grazing （MG） and highly grazing （HG） on soil moisture in Stipa breviflora desert grassland. The stocking rate of different grazing intensity were 0.93 （LG）, 1.82 （MG） and 2.71 （HG） sheep/（hm^2·half year）, and the number of grazing sheep was 4 （LG）, 8 （MG） and 12 （HG）, respectively. The grazing period was six months per year. The results showed that in different grazing intensity, the general change law of soil moisture was LG〉CK〉MG〉HG, and that of the soil moisture in different soillayer was 0-10 cm〉20-30 cm〉10-20 cm. The contribution rate of different grazing intensity on total characteristic value contribution rate was CK〉MG〉HG〉LG. With the increase of grazing intensity, the changes of soil moisture differences showed an obviously gradient descent tendency. The grazing intensity had the greatest impact on soil moisture of 0-10 cm soillayer, followed by 10-20 cm and 20-30 cm.

In this study, the relationship between the body length and weight was analyzed in two fish species, Aspiorhynchus laticeps （Day） and Schizothorax irregularis （Day）, which are now the endangered fish species in Weigan River of the Tarim water system. Specimens of these two native fish species were collected during the period of 2011 to 2012, and then preserved in 4% formalin. The specimens were characterized morphologically. The length-weight relationship of A. laticeps was described by the formula W=0.010L3.044 （R2=0.994） and that of S. irregularis was described by W=0.027L2784 （R2=0.910）. The results showed that both the species grew evenly. But the growth of S. irregularis was unstable. Both species were slightly slim. There were significant differences in the length-weight relationship between males and females in both above species （P〈 0.05）.

The effects of different body weights on egg production performance of Xianju three buff chickens was evaluated under cage conditions. The results showed that the daily egg weight, production rate, egg weight, egg numbers, egg length and egg width in heaviest body weight group were the largest. Egg weight and egg width were significantly different among the three groups, whereas the other indexes were not significantly different. Egg weight, egg length and egg width were positively correlated with the hen＇s body weight. Our findings would provide some valuable information on quality improvement, development and use for Xianju three buff chickens and other hen species.

Wool diameter is the key factor affecting wool prices, and is also the most important indicator of the wool industry requirements. The present study analyzed the wool diameter of Erdos fine wool sheep, and on this basis, the skin transcriptome of different fiber diameter individuals were sequenced using high-throughput sequencing technology. The results showed that the fiber diameter of Erdos fine wool sheep is between （13.16±3.39）-（27.81 ±5.63）μm, with the coefficient of variation of half the samples between 18.7%-23.3%; the fiber diameter of bred males or ewes is smaller than that of adult males or ewes （P〈0.01）; an amount of 28.6 G data were obtained from six individuals through skin transcriptome sequencing, which laid foundation for the selection of wool diameter-related zenes.

Creatine kinase （CK） plays an important role in animal cell metabolism process and has 4 kinds of isoenzyme. According to the variation of subunits and distributive location, the isoenzyme of CK can be classified into four types： muscular type （MM）, hybrid type （MB）, brain type （BB） and mitoehondrial type （MiMi）. Since CK can reach a high level when human or animal get sick, so it is commonly used as a sign on early diagnosis of disease. The principle of several CK detection methods were introduced and compared, so as to lay a basis for improvement and innovation of CK detection method.

[ Objective ] To apply molecular docking technology to virtually screen the active molecules, and to explore the effective substances of Coptis chinensis Franch. and the target of leukotriene A4 hydrolase （LTA4H）. [ Methods ] The database of active components of Coptis ehirtensis Franch. was established by using Schrodinger Maestro 8.5 software, and the active site of LTA4H was established by using the inhibitor KEL against protein LTA4H as ligands. Molecular docking was performed to screen the active components in Coptis ehinensis Franeh.. [Results] When the Coptis chirtensis Franch. built-in ligand kelatorphan （-4.071） was set as the threshold, the Docking Score of molecular docking of fourteen kinds of component with LTA4H were above the threshold. Various active components of Coptis chinensis Franch. can function in the active site of Lys565, Gly268, Gly269, Arg563, Tyr378 and Tyr267 amino acid residues. [Conclusions]Active components in Coptis chinensis Franch. and LTA4H could successfully achieve the molecular docking. The docking site information might be helpful for the understanding of mechanism underlying the compounds inhibit LTA4H.

In order to screen Lactobacillus acidophihts with probiotic properties, the intestinal contents samples collected from Weifang and surrounding area of Shandong Province were used to isolate the LactobaciUus strains by conventional method. The isolates with preferable acid production performance were selected by determining the pH value of fermentation liquid. The screened isolates were molecularly identified by using PCR assay and sequencing. The prohiotic properties of the selected isolates were evaluated by conventional method. Among the 9 isolated strains, one isolate with preferable acid production performance, named as XMR-3, was found and was molecularly identified as Lactobacillus acidophilus. The isolate got into the logarithmic growth phase after six-hour incubation. The live bacteria number reached the peak when it was incubated for 16 h, and the pH value of its culture fluid was 3.92. The survival rate of the isolate was above 99% when it was incubated in broth with pH value of 3.0 and 4.0, and that of the isolate was 87.3% when it was incubated in broth with 0.3% bile salt. The antibacterial circle diameters against common pathogenic bacteria were all above 20 ram. The selected Lactobacillus acidophilus isolate showed preferable probiotic properties and bad potentiality in the development of probiotics products for animal use.

In order to investigate the effect of different seasons on forage ingestion and fecal characteristics in Inner Mongolian white cashmere goats and to provide theoretical basis for the utilization of their faeces, the nutrient analysis was conducted on the main forage ingested by three types of female Inner Mongolian white cashmere goats in spring, summer, autumn, and winter, respectively, and the faecal samples were collected to access their characteristics. The results showed that the ranges of DM of forge in four consecutive seasons in Erdos, Alashan and Bayannur were 39.60%-53.21%, 40.39%-48.81%, 64.55%-94.50% and 92.00%-95.00%. The NDF of the forge was higher in autumn and winter, while it was lower in spring and summer. The CP of the forge was lowest in winter （4.68%-6.17%） and highest in spring （14.65%-17.44%）. The mean phosphorus concentrations of faces in four consecutive seasons were 1.10%, 0.75%, 0.71% and 0.59%, respectively. Significant differences were observed in phosphorus concentrations of faces between three types Inner Mongolian white cashmere goats （P 〈 0.05）, the phosphorus concentrations in spring and summer were higher than those in autumn and winter; the average nitrogen concentrations of faces in four consecutive seasons were 1.99%, 1.71%, 1.61% and 1.44%, respectively. The effect of different seasons on faecal nitrogen concentrations was statistically significant （P 〈 0.05 ） with peak in spring and then gradually decreasing; seasons had relatively great influences on the faecal dry matter of different types of cashmere goats. In Arbas and Erlangshan cashmere goats, there were significant differences in faecal dry matter between different seasons （P 〈 0.05 and P 〈 0.01）. However, in Alxa goats, no significant differences were observed among different seasons （P 〉 0.05）, the mean contents of faecal dry matter in four consecutive seasons were 72.56%, 79.60%, 65.52% and 95.87%, respectively.

The research progress on structure, homology and tissue specificity of myostatin gene （MSTN） are reviewed in this paper, and the research status of the biological functions of myostatin is also introduced, so as to provide theory basis for further understanding of the mechanism of its biological functions.

[ Objective ] The aim of the present study was to investigate the differences in MSTN gene expression in different tissues of Tan sheep with different ages. [Methods] According to the published MSTN gene sequence of sheep （NM_001009428.1） in GenBank, a pair of specific primers was designed to amplify the part of cDNA sequence of MSTN using RT-PCR technique. The relative expression level of MSTN gene in longissimus dorsi, leg muscle and breast muscle of Tan sheep with different ages were analyzed by Real-time PCR. [ Results ] The results showed that the highest expression of MSTN gene were found in longissimus dorsi, followed by breast muscle and leg muscle; with the increase of age of month, the expression of MSTN gene in three kinds of muscle tissues showed a tendency that firstly increased, then decreased and eventually increased. [Conclusions] There were differences of MSTN mRNA expression in muscle tissues of Tan sheep with different ages, which might impact on their growth and development as well as meat production performance.

In order to provide theory basis for culture of new line of grassland-based beef cattle, a 90 d fattening experiment of F~ breed of Angus ×Simmental and Limousin xSimmental with 12-month age was designed and carried out. Subsequently, the slaughter performance of the hybrid offspring was evaluated. The results showed that the average daily gain for each cattle of F, breed of LimousinxSimmental （1.80 kg） was significantly higher than that of F1 breed of AngusxSimmental （1.30 kg） （P 〈 0.01）; the live weight, carcass weight and net meat weight of FI breed of Limousin~Simmental were significantly higher than those of F~ breed of AngusxSimmental; the dressing percentage and net meat percentage of the two kinds of hybrid offspring were similar with each other.

The influence of nitrogen, phosphorus, potash and organic fertilizer on the yield of orchardgrass Qiancao NO.4 were evaluated by using quaternary quadratic regression rotation combination design methods. The results showed that the organic fertilizer had the greatest impact on yield of orehardgrass Qiancao NO.4, followed by nitrogen and potash fertilizer, the phosphorus fertilizer has the least impact on the yield; when the yield of orchardgrass Qiancao NO.4 achieved as high as 5 100 kg/667 m2, a total of 3 000 kg organic fertilizer, 30 kg nitrogen fertilizer, 20 kg phosphate fertilizer and 20 kg potash fertilizer were required per 667 m2.

A kind of falling-plate meter made in New Zealand was used to estimate the pasture yield of an enclosed subalpine meadow. The relationship between compressed sward height and pasture yields was analyzed and the estimation model was established. The results showed that there were close correlation relationships between compressed sward height and pasture yield, and the estimated value of pasture yields were significantly related with the measured value. It was indicated that the device of the falling-plate meter could be used to estimate the pasture yield in enclosed subalpine meadow with high efficiency.

Soil moisture is an important factor associated with the crop growth and development. In this paper, the seasonal changes of soil moisture were analyzed based on the observation data on soil moisture collected in the national agrometeorological station of Tongliao in the recent ten years. The results showed that an obvious jump change was observed in annual and seasonal soil moisture in Tongliao in the recent ten years, with the best situation from 2012 to 2013 and the worst in 2009. Furthermore, there were obvious differences in the seasonal distribution of soil moisture, which was higher in summer and lower in spring and autumn.

The feeding value of Canna edulis Ker. residue treated with ammoniation and fermentation in pigs was evaluated in this study. The results showed that the total nitrogen content of Canna edulis Ker. residue was increased by ammoniation treatment, and the crude fiber decreased from 22.32% to 13.71%; the crude protein content was increased from 2.91% to 15.36% with the treatment of fermentation, and the crude fiber content decreased from 22.32% to 11.53%. The digestibility of fattening pigs against Canna edulis Ker. residue was relatively low, the dry matter apparent digestion rate was 11.27%, the crude protein digestion rate was 30.23%, and the crude fiber digestion rate was 6.09%. After treatment of ammoniation, the dry matter digestibility increased by 11.45%, and crude fiber digestibility increased by 12.48%; the dry matter digestibility increased 5.99 times, the protein digestibility increased 2.61 times, and the crude fiber digestion rate increased 6.72 times by fermentation treatment.

The adavances on the application of non-antibiotic additive in mammary health of dairy cows were described detailly, so as to provide reference for the effective control of dairy cow mastitis.

In order to explore the efficient development and utilization technology for waste lavender straw, the contrast experiment of cattle fattening effect was carried out with conventional forage and lavender straw silage prepared by waste lavender straw produced in process of essential oil. A total of 40 Xinjiang brown bulls were selected and randomly divided into two groups, with 20 bulls in each group. The roughage of experiment group was lavender straw silage and that of control group was corn straw silage, the feeding quantity were both 8-12 kg/d. The experiment and control group feed the same concentrate. After a 10-day adaptation, the formal experiment began and lasted for 210 d. The weights of the bulls in both groups were recorded at the beginning and end of the experiment period, and the total gain and average daily gain were caleulated. The results showed that the total gain of bulls fed lavender straw silage was not significantly different from that of bulls fed with corn straw silage （P〉0.05）. Tile daily gain of experiment group was （0.98±0.10） kg and that of the control group was （0.99±0.11 ） kg. The cattle fattening effect of lavender straw was proved to be similar with that of conventional forage in this study, indicating that the waste lavender straw could be applied in cattle fattening, as a kind of roughage.

In order to investigate the impact of Chinese herb feed additives on weight gain and blood biochemical index of laying chicks, a total of 80 health male Hyline laying chicks were selected and randomly divided into four groups （experiment group I - Ⅲ, control group）, with 20 chicks for each group. Experiment group I - Ⅲ fed with the Chinese herb feed additives with efficacy of enhancing immunity, invigorating the function of the spleen and promoting digestion, and antivirus and antibacterial, respectively. The weight gain and blood biochemical index of the experiment groups and control group were determined. The results showed that the weight gain and serum cholesterol content of experiment group I were significantly higher than those of control group （P〈0.05）, no significant differences of the other index were observed between them （P〉0.05）; the blood total protein, serum calcium and serum inorganic phosphorus of experiment group Ⅱ were significantly higher than those of control group （P〈0.05）, and the weight gain and serum cholesterol content of experiment group Ⅱ were extremely significantly higher than those of control group （P〈0.01）; no significant differences of weight gain and all of the tested blood biochemical index were found between experiment group I and control group （P〉0.05）. It was indicated that the Chinese herb feed additives with efficacy of invigorating the function of the spleen and promoting digestion could significantly promote the growth and improve the blood biochemical index of laying chicks, which was favorable for the healthy and rapid growth of laving chicks.

The great changes in development and reforms in China will capture more attention in next decade. It is known that the man＇ s comprehensive development can be realized by acceptation of education, and the education is expected to adapt to the economic and social development needs. The government＇s policy plays a leading role, with the ultimate objective to improve the quality of education, realize the education fair, and to achieve the institutional innovation. For higher education, in order to improve the college students＇ learning and practical ability, the practice teaching reform is forced to be carried out, and the teaching methods are also supposed to be discussed. In this paper, the innovative ability training plan and implementation methods of college students of animal science major in Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University applied in the last two years were summarized, so as to provide some reference for the improvement of the modern college students＇ ability training.

Reproduction of Domestic Animals is one of the important specialized basic courses of animal science major, which plays a leading role in the process of modem farm animal production. According to the characteristics of the Reproduction of Domestic Animals, the reform of teaching ways and methods were discussed on the aspects of teaching contents, teaching methods and examination methods combining with the authors＇ experience. These reforms and exploration might be helpful for improving the teaching quality and effect as well as cultivating the comprehensive creative abilities of the students in animal science major.

Teaching of specialized English is important for pratacuhural science major students to improve their ability of utilizing English. The appropriate teaching ideas were designed based on the current situation of specialized English teaching for pratacultural science major and the characteristics of the discipline and a variety of teaching methods were explored, so as to change the teaching mode and stimulate the students＇ study motivation as well as improve the English application competence of pratacuhural science major students.

To stimulate students＇ study interest, taken General Zoology as example, the reform of small-class teaching in public basic course in the field of life science was initially discussed on the aspect of basic work, preparation of PPT, student＇s teaching and experience sharing, etc..

The horse industry in Inner Mongolia once fell into a trough with the decreasing number of horses and the severely degraded horse quality. In view of these changes, how to save the traditional horse industry and reasonablely utilize the regional advantages to promote the development of modem horse industry in Inner Mongolia were discussed in this paper.

Development of Hu sheep breeding is an important strategic choice for protecting grassland ecology, accelerating adjustment of industrial structure, transferring rural surplus labor force, promoting the development of rural economy and eliminating poverty. The main problems existing in introduction and breeding of Hu sheep in Guizhou province were analyzed in this paper. Based on the advantage for the development of sheep breeding in Guizhou province, including rich resources of forage and feeds varieties, high yield of forage grass, sufficient utilization period and warm and humid climate conditions, the countermeasures to solve the problems in introducing and breeding development of Hu sheep were proposed.