关键词: 蓝莓, 物候期, 低温伤害, 预警指标构建

Abstract: 【Objective】To investigate the occurrence regularity of low temperature damage in the each phenophases of blueberries,construct the early warning grading index of low temperature damage,and help blueberries production improve quality and efficiency.【Methods】By the temperature data of Huangdao National Meteorological Station from 2001 to 2020 and inside and outside the blueberry orchards automatic weather stations cold shed in Huangdao District Zhangjialou Town from 2019 to 2020,to fit the minimum daily temperature data inside and outside the blueberries orchard cold shed from 2001 to 2018. Statistical analysis was conducted on the blueberries occurrence frequency and regularity of low temperature damage in the each phenophases.Based on the minimum daily temperature data of each phenophases from 2001 to 2020,the probability density distribution of minimum daily temperature was fitted. The cumulative damage probability of low temperature damage at specific temperature was analyzed,and combined the low temperature tolerance and damage probability divided the early warning grading.【Results】From 2001 to 2020,the low temperature damage of blueberries in Qingdao City mainly occurred from March to April,the maximum damage probability of cold shed blueberries affected around mid-March,while open field blueberries affected around mid-April. Moreover,both were concentrated in the compact panicle stage,pink bud stage,and early bloom stage. In the cold shed blueberries,there were 56 times when the temperature was lower than the low temperature tolerance for the corresponding phenophases,and only one time for open field blueberries. The cumulative damage probability of cold shed blueberries were significantly higher than that of open field blueberries. The cold shed blueberries cumulative damage probability for yellow,orange,and red during the pink bud stage were 62.32%,34.76%,and 15.11%,respectively,while the open fields blueberries were 12.55%,4.20%,and 0.87%,respectively.【Conclusion】The occurrence regularity of low temperature damage blueberries during key growth periods in Qingdao City,Shandong Province has been clarified,and a three-level early warning index of low temperature damage is constructed,which includes the yellow level,the orange level and the red level.

Key words: Blueberry, Phenophase, Low temperature damage, Construction early warning grading index