Abstract: This paper had sdudied the variation characteristics of soil organic carbon, soil microbial and Soil respiration on different vegetation to analyze results and come to the conclusion：there was significant difference （P〈0.05） from the soil organic carbon under different vegetation,and it was most favorable to plant sudan grass to increase soil organic carbon; there was significant difference （P〈0.05） from the soil bacteria under different vegetation,and the order of the average on soil bacteria showed maize 〉 sudan grass 〉 alfalfa 〉 bare land;the maximum value of earbondioxide emission quantity of soil planting different vegetation appeared July,and the order of peak was sudan grass〉 alfalfa〉maize 〉bare land,also,there was significant difference （P〈0.05） from the soil organic carbon under different vegetation.