Abstract: Bayannur sheep industry is the leading industry of animal husbandry, and the dominant income of farmers and herdsmen is in animal husbandry industry. Based on the cost - benefit theory and production theory, the cost composition and the different angle to sheep cost benefit were analyzed from different varieties, feeding patterns and feeding period to explore the way to improve the sheep breeding efficiency, and countermeasures of effective ways to reduce sheep feeding cost and improve the economic benefit of mutton sheep were put forward.