Abstract: Soil microbial ecology occupies very important position in soil ecosystem, not only it can affect the activity of plant nutrient elements, but also the executor of soil organic matter transformation. Multifunctional biological organic fertilizer can effectively control the soil fertility and quality and the soil microbial community structure to increase the recovery of the soil itself and update ability, it was important for controlling soil-borne disease happened. The biological organic fertilizer production and application status, the enterprise of biological organic fertilizer quantity and scale, production process and technology, inspection quality technology and the quality of products were expounded in this paper, and the prospected and development trend of biological organic fertilizer were analyzed.