Abstract: The main climatic characteristics of Ewenki Autonomo us Banner in 2015 winter show that the average temperature is higher and the precipitation is much more than that of the same period of the previous years. Wind speed is larger while the sunshine hours are relatively weak than that of the same period of the previous years. In addition, the snow depth is relatively shallow compared with the same period of the previous years. Taken together, the 2015 winter climate conditions are conducive were the safety of livestock wintering, reserve and transport of forage grass and foraging. But the virus and the bacterial parasite sensitive source is more active, the occurrence and spread of livestock diseases may increase.