Abstract: In this study, 15 oat germplasm resources of China and abroad were used, and their phenological period, growth period and 15 main agronomic characters had been tested. The characteristics of 15 oats were defined by variance analysis, correlation analysis, principal component analysis and cluster analysis. The results show as follows：Growing period of germplasm W3, W6, W11 are 90-100d, W1, W2, W4, W5, W9 are 100-110d, W8, Wl0, W12, W13, W14, W15 are more than 110d,belonging to precocious, medium and late ripening type, respectively. All of them can grow at local condition and reach seed maturation.Based on the main agronomic characters, the 15 oat germplasm materials can be grouped into 5 types, and the clustering results have some correlation to the provenance of germplasm.The per plant seed weight has significant positive correlation with per plant panicle number and per plant seeds number, the 1000-grain weight was positively correlated with seed length （P〈0.01）.Germplasm W14, W15 and W2 have better comprehensive agronomic characters, which can be used in the priority oat breeding of this region, W13 has the highest per plant yield, it has great potential of forage production.