北方农业学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (6): 63-71.doi: 10.12190/j.issn.2096-1197.2022.06.09

• 土壤肥料·草业 • 上一篇    下一篇

氮素添加对不同放牧强度下荒漠草原生产力的影响

金正亮1,2,3, 樊文韬2,4, 张璞进1, 张国龙2, 褚文彬5, 武典君6, 青格乐1   

  1. 1.内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010031
    2.内蒙古大学 生态与环境学院,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010020
    3.城口县水利局,重庆 405900
    4.呼和浩特市环境卫生服务中心,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010020
    5.凉城县农牧和科技局,内蒙古 凉城 013750
    6.呼和浩特市生态环境科技推广中心,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010090
  • 收稿日期:2022-06-24 出版日期:2022-12-20 发布日期:2023-03-24
  • 通讯作者: 张璞进
  • 作者简介:张璞进(1981—),男,副研究员,博士,主要从事草地生态学方面的研究工作。
    金正亮(1996—),男,硕士研究生,研究方向为草地生态学和环境科学研究。
  • 基金资助:
    内蒙古农牧业创新基金项目(2020CXJJM11);内蒙古科技计划项目(201502106);内蒙古科技计划项目(2019GG015)

Influence of nitrogen addition on the productivity of desert steppe under different grazing intensities

JIN Zhengliang1,2,3, FAN Wentao2,4, ZHANG Pujin1, ZHANG Guolong2, CHU Wenbin5, WU Dianjun6, Qinggele 1   

  1. 1. Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences,Hohhot 010031,China
    2. School of Ecology and Environment,Inner Mongolia University,Hohhot 010020,China
    3. Chengkou County Bureau of Water Resources,Chongqing 405900,China
    4. Hohhot Service Center of Environment and Sanitation,Hohhot 010020,China
    5. Liangcheng County Bureau of Agricultural,Animal Husbandry and Science and Technology,Liangcheng 013750,China
    6. Hohhot Science and Technology Extension Center of Ecology and Environment,Hohhot 010090,China
  • Received:2022-06-24 Online:2022-12-20 Published:2023-03-24
  • Contact: ZHANG Pujin

摘要:

【目的】研究氮素添加对不同放牧强度下荒漠草原生产力的影响,提出在不同放牧背景下提升荒漠草原生产力的有效措施。【方法】以不同放牧强度下的荒漠草原为研究对象,在内蒙古四子王旗开展氮素添加试验,氮素添加水平分别为0(CK)、7、14、21 g/(m2·a),分析历史放牧强度和年份对生物量的影响,以及氮素添加量对不同功能群植物生物量的作用。【结果】在少雨年份,植物群落的生物量随放牧强度的增加而降低;在多雨年份,中度放牧背景下植物群落的生物量最高。氮素添加可促进轻度放牧和中度放牧背景下植物群落地上生物量的增加,分别提高10%~65%和15%~35%;氮素添加在多雨年份可促进重度放牧背景下多年生丛生禾草生物量的增加,提高13%~23%。在实施氮素添加恢复措施的3年中,轻度放牧背景下最适氮素添加量分别为7、14、21 g/(m2·a),中度放牧背景下分别为14、14、7 g/(m2·a);重度放牧背景下第1年为21 g/(m2·a),后两年为不添加氮素。【结论】氮素添加可促进轻度放牧和中度放牧背景下植物群落生物量的增加;不同放牧背景下促进植物群落生物量恢复的最适氮素添加量不同,这与群落物种组成和年降水量相关。

关键词: 氮素添加, 放牧强度, 荒漠草原, 生产力

Abstract:

【Objective】To study the influence of nitrogen addition on the productivity of desert steppe under different grazing intensities and to propose effective measures to increase the productivity of desert steppe under different grazing backgrounds.【Methods】In Siziwang Banner,Inner Mongolia,nitrogen addition were conducted on desert steppe that had undergone various grazing intensities with addition levels of 0(CK),7,14 and 21 g/(m2·a). The effects of historical grazing intensities and years on plant biomass as well as the effects of nitrogen addition on biomass of various functional groups were analyzed. 【Results】Plant community biomass decreased as grazing intensity increased in the drought years,and was highest under moderate grazing in the rainy years. Nitrogen addition promoted the increase of above ground biomass of plant community under light grazing and moderate grazing,with increases of 10%-65% and 15%-35% respectively. Nitrogen addition in the rainy years increased the biomass of perennial bunch grasses under heavy grazing by 13%-23%. The optimum amount of nitrogen addition in the three-year experiment was 7,14 and 21 g/(m2·a) under light grazing,14,14 and 7 g/(m2·a) under moderate grazing,and 21 g/(m2·a) in the first year,with no addition in the following two years under heavy grazing.【Conclusion】Nitrogen addition promoted the increase of plant community biomass under light and moderate grazing. The optimum amount of nitrogen addition to promote the plant community biomass recovery was different under different grazing backgrounds,this relates to community species composition and annual precipitation.

Key words: Nitrogen addition, Grazing intensity, Desert steppe, Productivity

中图分类号: 

  • S812