关键词: 小麦, 真菌病害, 流行规律, 防控策略

Abstract: Affected by multiple factors such as climate change,production methods and pathogen variation,the occurrence areas of stripe rust,Fusarium head blight,powdery mildew,sharp eyespot,and Fusarium crown rot of wheat in China have gradually expanded,with the severity of damage increasing year by year,and have become a key factor restricting the improvement of wheat yield and quality. This paper systematically reviews the current occurrence status,epidemiological characteristics,varietal resistance levels and integrated management strategies of these five major fungal diseases,and summarizes the prominent problems in current disease-resistant breeding,such as frequent variation of pathogens,difficulties in pyramiding multiple resistance genes,and the lack of resistance sources for some diseases. Furthermore,the management strategies with disease-resistant varieties as the core,precise fungicide application at key growth stages as the focus,and agricultural ecological regulation as the foundation were proposed,aiming to provide a reference for the green and sustainable management of wheat fungal diseases.

Key words: Wheat, Fungal diseases, Epidemiological patterns, Management strategies