Abstract: In order to construct oat high-yielding and high-quality cultivation model at northern foot of Yin Shan Mountain in Inner Mongolia,this article used the orthogonal design method to study the relationship between oat yields, quality and main factors of oat cultivation （lines,Sowing date, planting density,Nitrogen Fertilizer,phosphate fertilizer, irrigation quantity）.The result show that The important order of factors to the yield is：irrigation quantity〉lines〉Nitrogen Fertilizer〉phosphate fertilizer〉Sowing date〉planting density.the Optimal Combination is A3B2C4D3E5F3 （lines：Keyan 1,sowing date：April 5,planting density：15kg/mu, Nitrogen Fertilizer：7.5kg/mu,phosphate fertilizer：15.0kg/mu,irrigation quantity：100m^3）.The important order of the factors that affect the crude protein were lines,phosphate fertilizer, Sowing date,nitrogen fertilizer,planting density,irrigation quantity.The important order of the factors that affect the crude fat were lines,sowing date,phosphate fertilizer,planting density,irrigation quantity,nitrogen fertilizer.