畜牧与饲料科学 ›› 2022, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (2): 35-40.doi: 10.12160/j.issn.1672-5190.2022.02.006

• 动物营养与饲料科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

饲喂频率对妊娠母猪背膘厚和繁殖性能的影响

李根, 钟荣志, 王垒, 吴美桦, 丁荣荣, 蔡更元   

  1. 温氏食品集团股份有限公司/国家生猪种业工程技术研究中心,广东 新兴 527400
  • 收稿日期:2021-12-27 出版日期:2022-03-30 发布日期:2022-03-30
  • 通讯作者: 李游山(1985—),男,副教授,博士,主要研究方向为桑蚕功能基因组学。
  • 作者简介:李根(1990—),男,硕士,主要从事种猪营养研究工作。
  • 基金资助:
    广东省现代农业产业技术体系生猪创新团队项目(2019KJ126)。

Effects of Feeding Frequency During Gestation on Backfat Thickness and Reproductive Performance of Sows

LI Gen, ZHONG Rong-zhi, WANG Lei, WU Mei-hua, DING Rong-rong, CAI Geng-yuan   

  1. Wens Foodstuff Group Co.,Ltd. /National Engineering Research Center for Swine Breeding Industry,Xinxing 527400,China
  • Received:2021-12-27 Online:2022-03-30 Published:2022-03-30

摘要: [目的] 研究饲喂频率对妊娠母猪背膘厚和繁殖性能的影响。[方法] 挑选加系杜洛克经产母猪480头,配种时按照胎次(2~7胎)、背膘厚(11~22 mm)相近的原则随机将母猪分为T1组(每天饲喂1次)和T2组(每天饲喂2次),两组每天等量饲喂。T1组母猪220头,饲喂时间为8:00;T2组母猪260头,饲喂时间为8:00和15:00,每次饲喂量为总量的一半,定位栏饲养。[结果] ①饲喂频率不影响妊娠56 d、开配-妊娠56 d的背膘厚(妊娠56 d背膘厚-开配背膘厚)(P>0.05);T2组妊娠110 d(P=0.06)、妊娠56-110 d(P=0.09)背膘厚(妊娠110 d背膘厚-妊娠56 d背膘厚)有高于T1组的趋势。②饲喂频率对窝产总仔数、活仔数、死胎数、木乃伊胎数、初生窝重以及初生个体重均无显著(P>0.05)影响。③在三胎母猪中,T2组妊娠110 d(P=0.01)、妊娠56-110 d(P=0.04)背膘厚均显著高于T1组;五胎及以上母猪,T2组妊娠56-110 d(P=0.08)背膘厚有高于T1组的趋势。④饲喂频率不影响二胎母猪窝产总仔数、死胎数、木乃伊胎数、初生窝重以及初生个体重(P>0.05),但二胎母猪中T2组活仔数有高于T1组的趋势(P=0.07)。[结论] 饲喂频率由每天两餐减少到每天一餐不会对母猪的繁殖性能产生不利影响。

关键词: 饲喂频率, 杜洛克母猪, 背膘厚, 繁殖性能

Abstract: [Objective] To assess the impacts of feeding frequency on backfat thickness and reproductive performance in pregnant sows. [Method] A total of 480 multiparous Duroc sows were selected and randomly divided into two groups (T1 and T2) according to the principle of similar parity (2nd -7th) and backfat thickness (11-22 mm) before artificial insemination (AI). T1 group sows (n=220) fed once per day, and the feeding time was 8:00. T2 group sows (n=260) fed twice per day, and the feeding time was 8:00 and 15:00, respectively, with half of the total amount of diet each time. Both groups fed the same amount each day. The experimental sows were housed in individual crates.[Result] ①Feeding frequency had no significant (P>0.05) effects on backfat thickness on 56th day of gestation and the difference of backfat thickness between day of AI and 56th day of gestation (backfat thickness on 56th day of gestation minus that on day of AI) . A trend of increase in backfat thickness on 110th day (P=0.06) of gestation and the difference of backfat thickness between 56th day and 110th day (P=0.09) of gestation (backfat thickness on 110th day minus that on 56th day of gestation) in T2 group was observed in comparison to T1 group. ② There were no significant (P>0.05) effects of feeding frequency on the total number of piglets per litter, number of live piglets, number of stillborn piglets, number of mummified fetus, litter weight at birth, and individual birth weight. ③ For the third-parity sows, backfat thickness on 110th day (P=0.01) of gestation and the difference of backfat thickness between 56th day and 110th day (P=0.04) of gestation in T2 group was significantly higher than those in T1 group. For sows with five and above parities, an increasing trend in the difference of backfat thickness between 56th day and 110th day (P=0.08) of gestation in T2 group was also found in comparison to T1 group. ④ Feeding frequency had no significant (P>0.05) effects on second-parity sows in terms of total number of piglets per litter, number of stillborn piglets, number of mummified fetus, litter weight at birth, and individual birth weight, while second-parity sows in T2 group had higher number of live piglets than those in T1 group (P=0.07). [Conclusion] Reducing feeding frequency from twice to once per day had no negative impacts on reproductive performance of sows.

Key words: feeding frequency, Duroc sows, backfat thickness, reproductive performance

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