“芪优能”对感染猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒（PRRSV）仔猪免疫功能及病理损伤的影响

doi:10.12160/j.issn.1672-5190.2024.05.002

畜牧与饲料科学 ›› 2024, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (5): 7-17.doi: 10.12160/j.issn.1672-5190.2024.05.002

“芪优能”对感染猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒（PRRSV）仔猪免疫功能及病理损伤的影响

唐春艳¹, 朱雯馨¹, 刘维², 益西曲珍³, 索朗曲珍⁴, 朗杰旺姆⁵, 邓俊良¹, 邓惠丹¹

1.四川农业大学动物医学院,四川成都 611130;
2.桂林华艺健康科技有限公司,广西桂林 541805;
3.西藏自治区山南市措美县农业农村局农牧综合服务中心,西藏措美 856900;
4.西藏自治区阿里地区改则县农业农村局动物疫病控制中心,西藏改则 859200;
5.西藏自治区拉萨市当雄县农业农村和科学技术局,西藏当雄 851500

收稿日期:2024-07-02 出版日期:2024-09-30 发布日期:2024-11-29
通讯作者: 邓俊良（1966—）,男,教授,博士,博士生导师,主要研究方向为中兽药与临床兽医学。邓惠丹（1993—）,女,副教授,博士,主要研究方向为动物病理学。
作者简介:唐春艳（2001—）,女,所学专业为动物医学。

Effects of 'QiYouNeng' on Immune Function and Pathological Damage of Piglets Infected with PRRSV

TANG Chunyan¹, ZHU Wenxin¹, LIU Wei², Yixiquzhen³, Suolangquzhen⁴, Langjiewangmu⁵, DENG Junliang¹, DENG Huidan¹

1. College of Veterinary Medicine,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,China;
2. Guilin Huayi Health Science and Technology Co.,Ltd.,Guilin 541805,China;
3. Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Comprehensive Service Center,Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Comai County,Shannan City,Tibet Autonomous Region,Comai 856900,China;
4. Animal Disease Control Center,Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Gerze County,Ngari Prefecture,Tibet Autonomous Region,Gerze 859200,China;
5. Agriculture and Rural Affairs,and Science and Technology Bureau of Damxung County,Lhasa City,Tibet Autonomous Region,Damxung 851500,China

Received:2024-07-02 Online:2024-09-30 Published:2024-11-29

摘要/Abstract

摘要： [目的]研究黄芪全成分提取物“芪优能”对感染猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒（porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus,PRRSV）断奶仔猪免疫功能和病理损伤的影响。[方法]选取呈PRRSV阳性的28日龄断奶仔猪32头,随机分为组Ⅰ、组Ⅱ、组Ⅲ、组Ⅳ,每组8只。试验周期42 d,在试验第1周和第5周,组Ⅰ、组Ⅱ、组Ⅲ、组Ⅳ基础日粮中分别添加0、200、500、1 000 g/t的“芪优能”。试验结束后第1天,前腔静脉采血,采用实时荧光定量RT-PCR测定各组仔猪血清中PRRSV的病毒载量,应用ELISA法检测血清中免疫球蛋白（IgG、IgA、IgM）和细胞因子（IL-2、TNF-α、IFN-γ）含量;每组剖杀3头仔猪,采集肺脏、肺门淋巴结和脾脏组织样本,制备石蜡切片,利用HE染色法、Masson三色染色法和免疫荧光双重标记染色法观察病理组织学变化。[结果]与组Ⅰ相比,组Ⅱ、组Ⅲ、组Ⅳ仔猪血清中的PRRSV拷贝数均极显著（P<0.01）降低,组Ⅲ和组Ⅳ仔猪血清中IL-2、IFN-γ含量极显著（P<0.01）升高,组Ⅱ、组Ⅲ、组Ⅳ仔猪血清中IgG含量均极显著（P<0.01）升高,组Ⅲ和组Ⅳ仔猪血清中IgA含量分别显著（P<0.05）和极显著（P<0.01）升高。病理组织学分析显示,与组Ⅰ相比,组Ⅲ、组Ⅳ仔猪的肺脏、肺门淋巴结和脾脏损伤程度明显减弱;组Ⅱ仔猪肺脏组织的CD68阳性巨噬细胞占比显著（P<0.05）升高,组Ⅲ、组Ⅳ仔猪肺脏组织的CD68阳性巨噬细胞占比均极显著（P<0.01）升高,组Ⅲ和组Ⅳ仔猪肺脏组织的CD163阳性巨噬细胞占比极显著（P<0.01）升高,组Ⅲ、组Ⅳ仔猪肺脏组织的CD163/CD68比值极显著（P<0.01）升高。[结论]在PRRSV感染仔猪基础日粮中添加黄芪全成分提取物“芪优能”,具有降低病毒载量、增强免疫功能及减轻肺脏、脾脏、肺门淋巴结病理损伤的作用,以添加水平为1 000 g/t的效果最明显。

关键词: 猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒, “芪优能”, 仔猪, 免疫球蛋白, 细胞因子, 病理组织学

Abstract: [Objective] This study aimed to assess the effects of 'QiYouNeng', a preparation of Astragalus membranaceus extracts （whole composition）, on immune function and pathological damage of the weaned piglets infected with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus （PRRSV）. [Method] A total of 32 PRRSV-positive 28-day-old weaned piglets were selected and randomly divided into Groups Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ and Ⅳ, with 8 piglets in each group. The experiment period was 42 days. In the first and fifth weeks of the experiment, Groups Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ and Ⅳ fed the basal diets supplemented with 0, 200, 500 and 1 000 g/t of 'QiYouNeng', respectively. On the first day after the end of the experiment, blood samples were collected from anterior venae cavae. Real-time fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR assay was used to determine the serum nucleic acid loads of PRRSV, and ELISA assay was employed to measure the serum levels of immunoglobulins （IgG, IgA and IgM） and cytokines （IL-2, TNF-α and IFN-γ）. Three piglets were chosen from each group and were dissected. Tissue samples of lungs, pulmonary hilar lymph nodes and spleens were collected and embedded in paraffin sections. Pathohistological changes were observed using HE staining, Masson's trichrome staining and immunofluorescence double-labeling staining. [Result] Compared with group Ⅰ, the serum PRRSV copy number in groups Ⅱ, Ⅲ and Ⅳ was extremely significantly （P<0.01） lower, the serum levels of IL-2 and IFN-γ in groups Ⅲ and Ⅳ were extremely significantly （P<0.01） higher, the serum levels of IgG in groups Ⅱ, Ⅲ and Ⅳ were extremely significantly （P<0.01） elevated, and the serum levels of IgA in groups Ⅲ and Ⅳ were significantly （P<0.05） and extremely significantly （P<0.01） increased, respectively. Pathohistological analysis demonstrated that in comparison to group Ⅰ, the damages of lungs, pulmonary hilar lymph nodes and spleens in groups Ⅲ and Ⅳ were obviously alleviated; significantly （P<0.05） as well as extremely significantly （P<0.01） elevated ratios of CD68 positive macrophages in lung tissues were observed in group Ⅱ as well as groups Ⅲ and Ⅳ, respectively; groups Ⅲ and Ⅳ had extremely significantly （P<0.01） higher ratios of CD163 positive macrophages in lung tissues and CD163/CD68. [Conclusion] Dietary supplementation of 'QiYouNeng' in the PRRSV-infected piglets exhibited the effects of reducing serum PRRSV load, enhancing immune function, and alleviating pathological damages of lung, spleen and pulmonary hilar lymph nodes, and the most obvious effect was achieved at the level of 1 000 g/t.

Key words: porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus, 'QiYouNeng', piglet, immunoglobulin, cytokine, pathohistology

中图分类号:

唐春艳, 朱雯馨, 刘维, 益西曲珍, 索朗曲珍, 朗杰旺姆, 邓俊良, 邓惠丹. “芪优能”对感染猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒（PRRSV）仔猪免疫功能及病理损伤的影响[J]. 畜牧与饲料科学, 2024, 45(5): 7-17.

TANG Chunyan, ZHU Wenxin, LIU Wei, Yixiquzhen, Suolangquzhen, Langjiewangmu, DENG Junliang, DENG Huidan. Effects of 'QiYouNeng' on Immune Function and Pathological Damage of Piglets Infected with PRRSV[J]. Animal Husbandry and Feed Science, 2024, 45(5): 7-17.

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“芪优能”对感染猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒（PRRSV）仔猪免疫功能及病理损伤的影响

Effects of 'QiYouNeng' on Immune Function and Pathological Damage of Piglets Infected with PRRSV

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