微生物菌肥对不同土壤类型退化草原土壤理化性质及植被群落特征的影响

doi:10.12160/j.issn.1672-5190.2025.05.009

摘要/Abstract

摘要： [目的] 探究微生物菌肥对不同土壤类型退化草原土壤理化性质及群落特征的影响。[方法] 以呼伦贝尔草原3种典型退化土壤（沙壤土、沙土、栗钙土）为研究对象,设置3种微生物菌肥处理（T1：山东中农富源生产的土壤修复菌剂+根叶保菌剂;T2：沃地丰生物肥料生产的土壤修复菌剂+螯合水溶肥;T3：黎昊源生物生产的土壤修复菌剂+护根120）及对照组（CK）,通过2年田间试验分析其对土壤理化性质和植被群落特征的影响。[结果] ①植被群落特征方面,与对照组相比,T3处理使沙壤土和沙土的草群盖度显著（P<0.05）提高48.5%和40.5%,干草产量增加59.0%和74.11%;栗钙土则以T2处理效果最佳,盖度和产量较CK显著（P<0.05）提高9.7%和49.9%;②土壤理化性质方面,各处理组pH值均呈降低趋势,其中T2对沙壤土和沙土、T1对栗钙土的改良效果最明显;同时,T3处理使沙壤土有机质含量提升2.03倍,T2处理使沙土速效钾含量达116.07 mg/kg（较CK高5.3倍）。[结论] 微生物菌肥对不同土壤类型退化草原土壤理化性质及植被群落特征的影响有明显差异,含硅、钙等微量元素的菌肥（如T3）对沙化草地改良效果较显著,黄腐酸型菌肥（如T1、T2）更适合应用于栗钙土（略盐碱化）草地。研究结果为不同土壤类型退化草原的精准生态修复提供了参考。

关键词: 微生物菌肥, 退化草原, 沙壤土, 沙土, 栗钙土, 植被恢复

Abstract: [Objective] To explore the effects of microbial fertilizers on the soil physicochemical properties and vegetation community characteristics of degraded grasslands with different soil types. [Methods] Three typical degraded soil types （sandy loam, sandy soil, and chestnut soil） in the Hulunbuir Grassland were selected as research objects. Three microbial fertilizer treatments （T1: Soil Remediation Microbial Agent+Root and Leaf Protection Agent produced by Shandong Zhongnong Fuyuan; T2: Soil Remediation Microbial Agent+Chelated Water-Soluble Fertilizer produced by Wodifeng Biofertilizer; T3: Soil Remediation Microbial Agent+Hugen 120 produced by Lihaoyuan Biology） and a control group （CK） were established. A two-year field experiment was conducted to analyze their effects on soil physicochemical properties and vegetation community characteristics. [Results] ①In terms of vegetation community characteristics: compared to the control group, the T3 treatment significantly increased the vegetation coverage in sandy loam and sandy soil by 48.5% and 40.5%, respectively （P<0.05）, and increased hay yield by 59.0% and 74.11%; for the chestnut soil, the T2 treatment exhibited the best effect, significantly increasing coverage and yield by 9.7% and 49.9% compared to CK （P<0.05）. ②In terms of soil physicochemical properties: the pH value showed a decreasing trend in all treatment groups, among which T2 treatment had the most significant improvement effect on sandy loam and sandy soil, while T1 treatment showed the most notable improvement effect on chestnut soil; meanwhile, the T3 treatment increased the organic matter content in sandy loam by 2.03 times, and the T2 treatment increased the available potassium content in sandy soil to 116.07 mg/kg （5.3 times higher than CK）. [Conclusion] The effects of microbial fertilizers on the soil physicochemical properties and vegetation community characteristics of degraded grasslands vary significantly across different soil types. Fertilizers containing trace elements such as silicon and calcium （e.g., T3） show more significant improvement effects on sandy grasslands, while fulvic acid-type microbial fertilizers （e.g., T1, T2） are more suitable for application in chestnut soil （slightly saline-alkaline） grasslands. The results provide a reference for the precise ecological restoration of degraded grasslands with different soil types.

Key words: microbial fertilizers, degraded grasslands, sandy loam, sandy soil, chestnut soil, vegetation restoration

中图分类号:

S812.2

吕琳, 迟晓雪, 鲁海涛, 王畅, 武恩奇. 微生物菌肥对不同土壤类型退化草原土壤理化性质及植被群落特征的影响[J]. 畜牧与饲料科学, 2025, 46(5): 75-83.

LYU Lin, CHI Xiaoxue, LU Haitao, WANG Chang, WU Enqi. Effects of Microbial Fertilizers on Soil Physicochemical Properties and Vegetation Community Characteristics of Degraded Grasslands with Different Soil Types[J]. Animal Husbandry and Feed Science, 2025, 46(5): 75-83.

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