关键词: 退化草原, 生态修复, 围封, 沙障, 补播

Abstract: [Objective] The study focused on the degraded grasslands in West Ujimqin Banner, Inner Mongolia, aiming to explore the ecological restoration effects of different restoration measures on degraded grasslands and to provide a reference for the vegetation restoration and reconstruction of degraded grasslands in the local and surrounding areas. [Methods] From 2020 to 2022, the restoration measures of fencing enclosure and management and protection were adopted in the lightly degraded grasslands. The control area was a freely grazed grassland adjacent to the restoration area with a basically consistent background. In the severely degraded grasslands, the measures of sand barriers and reseeding （on the basis of fencing enclosure and management and protection） were implemented. The control area was a plot in the severely degraded sample site that was enclosed and managed and protected without the measures of sand barriers and reseeding. Indicators such as the height, coverage, above-ground biomass, and species number of the plant communities within the monitoring quadrats were monitored. [Results] Compared with the control area, after three years of implementing the restoration measures of fencing enclosure and management and protection in the lightly degraded grasslands, the height, coverage, and above-ground biomass of the plant communities in the restoration area increased highly significantly （P<0.01）. After three years of implementing the measures of sand barriers and reseeding in the severely degraded grasslands, the height and coverage of the plant communities in the sample plots increased significantly （P<0.05）, and the above-ground biomass increased highly significantly （P<0.01）. In terms of the plant species composition, within three years of the implementation of the fencing enclosure in the project implementation area, there was no obvious change in the number of species in the degraded grasslands. There was a trend of an increase in perennial forage species and a decrease in annual and biennial forage species in the species composition. [Conclusion] In summary, the adoption of different ecological restoration measures for grasslands degraded to different degrees has significantly improved the production performance of the grasslands and the characteristics of the plant communities.

Key words: degraded grasslands, ecological restoration, fencing enclosure, sand barriers, reseeding