二狼山绒山羊背最长肌和股二头肌常规营养素特征

doi:10.12160/j.issn.1672-5190.2025.05.011

摘要/Abstract

摘要： [目的] 明确内蒙古自治区巴彦淖尔市二狼山绒山羊肌肉营养成分的检测参数,为品种特性鉴别与质量管控提供基础数据。[方法] 采集二狼山绒山羊和区内外绵羊的背最长肌和股二头肌样本共计92份,测定蛋白质、脂肪、水分、灰分4种常规营养素含量;采用描述性统计和正交偏最小二乘判别分析（OPLS-DA）方法进行统计比较与聚类分析。[结果] 二狼山绒山羊肌肉中蛋白质含量为（21.09±3.56） g/100 g、脂肪含量为（3.69±2.35） g/100 g、水分含量为（73.89±3.77） g/100 g和灰分含量为（1.45±0.59） g/100 g;除水分外,其他营养素均高于《中国食物成分表2019》对应肌肉部位。其中,二狼山绒山羊肌肉蛋白质含量显著（P<0.05）高于戈壁蒙古羊,脂肪含量显著（P<0.05）高于本地舍饲小尾寒羊。单尾估计显示,总体中16%以上的二狼山绒山羊羊肉不符合《“蒙”字标畜产品认证要求二狼山山羊肉》（T/NMSP MZB02.22—2023）中二狼山绒山羊肉蛋白质含量≥20%要求。OPLS-DA结果表明,不同产地、不同部位和各品系间样本均呈现良好的聚类分离趋势,可实现品种、产地及部位的有效区分。[结论] 研究获取了二狼山绒山羊肌肉常规营养素的检测参数,二狼山绒山羊肌肉具有蛋白质含量高、水分充足、脂肪含量适宜的营养特点。研究结果为二狼山绒山羊肉的品质鉴别和质量控制提供科学参考。

关键词: 二狼山绒山羊, 背最长肌, 股二头肌, 常规营养素

Abstract: [Objective] To determine the detection parameters for the nutritional composition of muscle from Erlang Shan cashmere goats in Bayannur City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, providing fundamental data for breed characteristic identification and quality control. [Methods] A total of 92 longissimus dorsi and biceps femoris samples were collected from Erlang Shan cashmere goats and sheep from both within and outside the region. The contents of four proximate nutrients-protein, fat, moisture, and ash-were measured. Statistical comparison and cluster analysis were performed using descriptive statistics and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis （OPLS-DA） methods. [Results] In Erlang Shan cashmere goat muscle, protein content was （21.09±3.56） g/100 g, fat content （3.69±2.35） g/100 g, moisture content （73.89±3.77） g/100 g, and ash content （1.45±0.59） g/100 g. Except for moisture, the content of all other nutrients was higher than those listed for the corresponding muscle parts in the China Food Composition Table 2019. Specifically, the protein content in Erlang Shan cashmere goat muscle was significantly （P<0.05） higher than that in Gobi Mongolian sheep, and the fat content was significantly （P<0.05） higher than that in local stall-fed small-tailed Han sheep. One-tail estimate indicated that over 16% of Erlang Shan cashmere goat meat did not meet the protein content requirement of ≥20% of Erlang Shan cashmere goat meat specified in the "Nei Meng Gu Brand" certification requirements of livestock products-Erlang Shan goats meat （T/NMSP MZB02.22—2023）. The OPLS-DA results showed a clear clustering and separation trend among samples from different origins, different parts, and breed lines, enabling effective discrimination of breed, origin, and muscle part. [Conclusion] This study successfully obtained the detection parameters for the proximate nutrients in Erlang Shan cashmere goat muscle. The muscle is characterized by high protein content, adequate moisture, and suitable fat content. The results provide a scientific reference for the quality assessment and control of Erlang Shan cashmere goat meat.

Key words: Erlang Shan cashmere goat, longissimus dorsi, biceps femoris, proximate nutrients

中图分类号:

魏英杰, 于晗, 王丽星, 陈丹, 苏贞, 白扬, 罗娜, 郭军. 二狼山绒山羊背最长肌和股二头肌常规营养素特征[J]. 畜牧与饲料科学, 2025, 46(5): 91-99.

WEI Yingjie, YU Han, WANG Lixing, CHEN Dan, SU Zhen, BAI Yang, LUO Na, GUO Jun. Proximate Nutritional Characteristics of Longissimus Dorsi and Biceps Femoris Muscles in Erlang Shan Cashmere Goats[J]. Animal Husbandry and Feed Science, 2025, 46(5): 91-99.

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