不同粗饲料日粮对西门塔尔繁殖母牛瘤胃发酵和血液指标的影响

doi:10.12160/j.issn.1672-5190.2022.05.004

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

[目的]分析不同粗饲料日粮对西门塔尔繁殖母牛瘤胃液pH值、瘤胃挥发性脂肪酸含量及血液指标的影响。[方法]选择体重相近的西门塔尔繁殖母牛18头，按同质原则分为3组，每组6头。日粮1组粗饲料为干玉米秸秆，日粮2组粗饲料为全株玉米青贮，日粮3组粗饲料为全株玉米青贮+干玉米秸秆。预试期14 d，正试期42 d。采集试验牛的瘤胃液和血液样本，进行瘤胃液pH值、挥发性脂肪酸（volatile fatty acid，VFA）含量及血液指标测定。[结果]3组繁殖母牛的瘤胃液pH值差异不显著（P> 0.05）。全株玉米青贮组的瘤胃内乙酸含量显著（P<0.05）高于干玉米秸秆组，全株玉米青贮组和全株玉米青贮+干玉米秸秆组的瘤胃内丙酸含量显著（P<0.05）高于干玉米秸秆组，全株玉米青贮组的瘤胃内正丁酸和异丁酸含量显著（P<0.05）高于其他组。干玉米秸秆组的血清SOD活力和T-AOC活力显著（P<0.05）低于其他组，GSH-Px活力显著（P<0.05）低于全株玉米青贮+干玉米秸秆组。干玉米秸秆组血清中的铁（Fe）和锌（Zn）含量显著（P<0.05）低于全株玉米青贮组，干玉米秸秆组和全株玉米青贮组血清中的硒（Se）含量显著（P<0.05）高于全株玉米青贮+干玉米秸秆组。干玉米秸秆组血清中VD和VE含量显著（P<0.05）低于其他组。[结论]饲喂以全株玉米青贮或者全株玉米青贮+干玉米秸秆为粗饲料的日粮，西门塔尔繁殖母牛的瘤胃发酵和血液生化指标优于饲喂以干玉米秸秆为主要粗饲料的日粮。结合饲养成本和农区粗饲料供给情况，生产中推荐全株玉米青贮+干玉米秸秆的粗饲料饲喂模式。

关键词: 粗饲料, 西门塔尔繁殖母牛, 瘤胃发酵, 血液指标

Abstract:

[Objective] The aim of this study was to clarify the effects of different forage diets on ruminal fluid pH value, ruminal volatile fatty acid （VFA） content and blood parameters of Simmental brood cows. [Method] A total of 18 Simmental brood cows were assigned into the following three groups according to the principle of homogeneity and the source of dietary forage: group 1 fed the forage of dried corn straw, group 2 fed the forage of whole plant corn silage, and group 3 fed the forage combination of whole plant corn silage and dried corn straw. The feeding experiment was composed of a 14-day pre-trial and a 42-day formal trial. At the end of the experiment, the ruminal fluid and blood samples were collected, and the ruminal fluid pH value, ruminal VFA content and blood parameters were determined. [Result] There was no significant （P>0.05） difference in the ruminal fluid pH value among the three groups. The group 2 had significantly （P<0.05） higher ruminal acetic acid content than group 1; the group 2 and group 3 had significantly （P<0.05） higher ruminal propionic acid content than group 1; the group 2 had significantly （P<0.05） higher n-butyric acid and isobutyric acid contents than the remaining groups. The serum activities of SOD and T-AOC of the group 1 were significantly （P<0.05） lower in comparison to those of the other groups, and the serum activity of GSH-Px of the group 1 was significantly （P<0.05） lower in comparison to that of the group 3. Significantly （P<0.05） decreased serum contents of Fe and Zn was observed in group 1 compared with group 2, and significantly （P<0.05） increased serum content of Se was observed in group 1 and group 2 compared with group 3. The group 1 had significantly （P<0.05） lower serum contents of VD and VE than the remaining groups. [Conclusion] The Simmental brood cows fed with whole plant corn silage or combination of whole plant corn silage and dried corn straw as forage performed better in ruminal fermentation and blood parameters than those fed with dried corn straw. Considering the feeding cost and forage supply status in agricultural area, the combination of whole plant corn silage and dried corn straw was recommended as an appropriate dietary forage source in Simmental brood cows production.

Key words: forage, Simmental brood cows, ruminal fermentation, blood parameters

中图分类号:

张兴夫, 钱英红, 李国东, 宝华, 青格乐, 张静, 乔亚杰, 杜瑞平. 不同粗饲料日粮对西门塔尔繁殖母牛瘤胃发酵和血液指标的影响[J]. 畜牧与饲料科学, 2022, 43(5): 22-28.

ZHANG Xing-fu, QIAN Ying-hong, LI Guo-dong, Baohua , Qinggele , ZHANG Jing, QIAO Ya-jie, DU Rui-ping. Effects of Different Forage Diets on Ruminal Fermentation and Blood Parameters of Simmental Brood Cows[J]. Animal Husbandry and Feed Science, 2022, 43(5): 22-28.

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