青海省共和县牦牛芽囊原虫分子流行病学调查

doi:10.12160/j.issn.1672-5190.2024.04.015

畜牧与饲料科学 ›› 2024, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (4): 115-120.doi: 10.12160/j.issn.1672-5190.2024.04.015

青海省共和县牦牛芽囊原虫分子流行病学调查

马丁允^1,2, 陈九思², 马金秀³, 林妹琪², 刘一飞², 李文⁴, 余复昌¹, 齐萌¹, 菅复春²

1.塔里木大学动物科学与技术学院,新疆阿拉尔 843300;
2.河南农业大学动物医学院,河南郑州 450046;
3.青海雪峰牦牛乳业有限公司,青海共和 813000;
4.青海省畜牧兽医科学院,青海西宁 810016

收稿日期:2024-03-07 出版日期:2024-07-30 发布日期:2024-08-23
通讯作者: 齐萌（1985—）,男,教授,博士,硕士生导师,主要从事人兽共患病病原生物学研究工作。菅复春（1971—）,女,教授,博士,博士生导师,主要研究方向为寄生虫病分子与免疫诊断、人兽共患寄生虫病防控。
作者简介:马丁允（1999—）,女,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为动物群发病防控。陈九思（1998—）,女,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为动物腹泻病病原调查与防治。马丁允、陈九思为共同第一作者。
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划项目（2022YFD1602307,2023YFD1801200）; 国家肉羊产业技术体系（CARS-38）; 塔里木大学校长基金（TDZKBS202208）

Molecular Epidemiological Survey of Blastocystis in Yaks in Gonghe County in Qinghai Province

MA Dingyun^1,2, CHEN Jiusi², MA Jinxiu³, LIN Meiqi², LIU Yifei², LI Wen⁴, YU Fuchang¹, QI Meng¹, JIAN Fuchun²

1. College of Animal Science and Technology,Tarim University,Alar 843300,China;
2. College of Veterinary Medicine,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450046,China;
3. Qinghai Xuefeng Yak Dairy Co.,Ltd.,Gonghe 813000,China;
4. Qinghai Academy of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine,Xining 810016,China

Received:2024-03-07 Online:2024-07-30 Published:2024-08-23

摘要/Abstract

摘要： [目的]了解青海省共和县牦牛芽囊原虫（Blastocystis）的流行情况及其基因亚型分布特征。[方法]从共和县桑德牧场（n=89）、看着项毛牧场（n=12）和赞拉家庭牧场（n=374）采集新鲜牦牛粪便样本475份,全部提取粪便样本DNA,采用巢氏PCR方法扩增芽囊原虫SSU rDNA;对获得的部分阳性样本序列进行双向测序,基于SSU rDNA序列进行基因亚型鉴定,并构建系统发育进化树。[结果]475份牦牛粪便样本中,检测出361份芽囊原虫阳性样本,总感染率为76.00%（361/475）;桑德牧场、看着项毛牧场和赞拉家庭牧场均检出芽囊原虫阳性样本,感染率依次为96.63%（86/89）、91.67%（11/12）和70.59%（264/374）。选择126条芽囊原虫SSU rDNA测序,进行基因亚型鉴定,经序列比对分析,共发现5种芽囊原虫的基因亚型,其中,ST10亚型检出率最高,为80.95%（102/126）;其次为ST26、ST25、ST21和ST5亚型,检出率分别为9.52%（12/126）、6.35%（8/126）、2.38%（3/126）、0.80%（1/126）。[结论]共和县牦牛芽囊原虫感染较为常见,其基因亚型存在遗传多样性;发现了人兽共患基因亚型ST5,应加强对该地区牦牛芽囊原虫的感染情况监测。

关键词: 牦牛, 芽囊原虫, 基因亚型, 分子流行病学调查, SSU rDNA

Abstract: [Objective] The aim of the present study was to characterize the prevalence and the subgenotype distribution of Blastocystis in yaks in Gonghe County, Qinghai Province. [Method] A total of 475 fresh fecal samples were collected from yaks raised in Sangde pasture （n=89）, Kanzhuoxiangmao pasture （n=12） and Zanla family pasture （n=374） in Gonghe County. All of the samples were subjected to fecal genomic DNA extraction. Nested PCR assay was performed to detect the presence of SSU rDNA of Blastocystis, and selected positive PCR products were subjected to bidirectional sequencing. The subgenotype identification of Blastocystis was conducted based on the sequence alignment of SSU rDNA, and the phylogenetic tree was constructed to assess the genetic evolutionary relationships. [Result] Among the 475 yak fresh fecal samples, 361 samples were positive for Blastocystis, with a total infection rate of 76.00% （361/475）. The Blastocystis positive samples were observed in Sangde pasture, Kanzhuoxiangmao pasture and Zanla family pasture, and the infection rates of the three pastures were 96.63% （86/89）, 91.67% （11/12） and 70.59% （264/374）, respectively. A total of 126 SSU rDNA fragments were sequenced and used to perform subgenotype identification of Blastocystis. The sequence alignment analysis demonstrated that there were 5 subgenotypes of Blastocystis. The highest detection rate was observed in ST10 subgenotype （80.95%, 102/126）, followed by ST26 （9.52%, 12/126）, ST25 （6.35%, 8/126）, ST21 （2.38%, 3/126） and ST5 （0.80%, 1/126） subgenotypes. [Conclusion] Blastocystis infection in yaks was common in Gonghe County, and the subgenotypes exhibited genetic diversity. A zoonotic subgenotype of ST5 was observed, indicating that the infection monitoring of Blastocystis in yaks in this region was expected to be enhanced.

Key words: yak, Blastocystis, subgenotype, molecular epidemiological survey, SSU rDNA

中图分类号:

S858.235.9

马丁允, 陈九思, 马金秀, 林妹琪, 刘一飞, 李文, 余复昌, 齐萌, 菅复春. 青海省共和县牦牛芽囊原虫分子流行病学调查[J]. 畜牧与饲料科学, 2024, 45(4): 115-120.

MA Dingyun, CHEN Jiusi, MA Jinxiu, LIN Meiqi, LIU Yifei, LI Wen, YU Fuchang, QI Meng, JIAN Fuchun. Molecular Epidemiological Survey of Blastocystis in Yaks in Gonghe County in Qinghai Province[J]. Animal Husbandry and Feed Science, 2024, 45(4): 115-120.

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青海省共和县牦牛芽囊原虫分子流行病学调查

Molecular Epidemiological Survey of Blastocystis in Yaks in Gonghe County in Qinghai Province

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