Abstract: CACNA1S gene was the coding gene of α1 subunit of L-type calcium channel,its mutation would induce low-potassium periodic paralysis of human and high-temperature syndrom of pig. It was concluded in some related researches that this gene was a candidate gene influencing the fleshy characters of pig. The biological properties and structure composition of CACNA1S gene,the hereditary disease caused by its mutation and its research advance were discussed comprehensively.