Abstract: Infectious bronchitis virus（IBV） mainly invade chicken respiratory system and urogenital system and cause respiratory symptoms,kidney damage,egg drop and egg quality decline.IBV have many serotypes and are more prone to mutation,which causes great difficulties in its prevention and control.The paper mainly reviews genomic structure,replication process,structural proteins and biological function,mutation mechanism,evolution,identification and detection of IBV in order to provide reference for more in-depth understanding and research about IBV.