Abstract: Using the daily average temperature and rainfall data from March to August during 1959-2012 at weather station in Ningcheng County of Inner Mongolia, adopting the calculation method of comprehensive weather drought index （CI） in national standards Weather Drought Grades, the drought grades in this area from June to August were divided and the days with the grade of slight drought in each month were counted. The summer drought occurrence laws and annual change characteristics in Ningcheng County in recent 54 years were analyzed and the typical drought years were selected to analyze the effects of air temperature and rainfall on the drought, so as to provide reference basis for reahzing the targets of ecological agriculture and high- efficiency agriculture, developing and utilizing the climatic resources reasonably and disaster prevention and reduction.