In order to clone and express rumen microbial fibrolytic enzyme genes in a strain of Lactococcus lactis, a cellulose degrade bacterium from the rumen of the sheep was isolated by using improved CMC medium based on widely screen. The bacterium was identified as Staphylococcus epidermidis by using analysis of morphology and the conserved sequence 16S rDNA. Two β-glucanase genes were cloned from the bacterium chromosome DNA by original strain of Staphylococcus epidermidis. The two β-glucanase genes were connected with vector pMG36e to construct β-glucanase gene expression vector, and then transformed into E. coli and Lactococcus lactis MG1363. Both them could express β-glucanase, and their enzyme activities reached 1.47 U/mL and 1.54 U/mL respectively, which were higher 1.49 times and 1.56 times than that of original strain of Staphylococcus epidermidis （0.99 U/mL）.

[Objective] The aim was to establish an accurate and rapid diagnostic method for detection of Brucella spp. ,Brucella abortus and Brucella melitensis. [Method] The primers and Taqman probe were designed by using BCSP31 as the specific gene and an ISTll element as the specific insertion for Brucella spp. identification. Standard positive plasmid templates were constructed respectively, and its ten-fold serial dilutions were used for making multiple quantitative PCR standard curve to evaluate the sensitivity, specificity and reproducibility of the multiplex real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR reaction system. [Result] The real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR for the identification of B. abortus and B. melitensis was established and used for the testing of clinical samples. [ Conclusion ] The establishment of the multiplex real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR diagnostic method could identify B. abortus and B. melitensis quickly and accurately.

[Objective] The research aimed to optimize the extraction technology of effective antibacterial component tannins from Fructus chebulae and study the bacteriostatic activity of the extract. [Method] Using orthogonal experiment, the effects of water dosage ,extraction time, extraction temperature ,reflux time and reflux times on the tannins content in the extracts were studied when effective antibacterial component tannins were extracted from F. chebulae by dipping method and reflux method. And the bacteriostatic activity of the extract was studied by bacteriostatic test. [ Result I The comprehensive analysis on the results of the intuitive analysis and variance analysis of the orthogonal experiment indicated that the optimum extraction conditions of extracting tannins from F. chebulae by dipping method were as follows： dipping with 12 times of water dosage at 20 ~C for an hour. The optimum extraction conditions of extracting tannins from F. chebulae by reflux method were as follows： refluxing with 6 times of water dosage for 1.5 hours. [Conclusion] Both of the extracts had certain bacteriostatic activity to typical gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. The inhibition effects of the extracts by dipping method on three test bacteria were better than that by reflux method.

The distributions of 5-hydroxytryptamine （5-HT）, somatostatin （SS） and gastrin （GAS）of ecdocrine cells in the gastrointestinal tract of Zi goose at different growing periods （1, 10, 30, 60 and 90 days） were studied by immunohistoehemical methods with three gut hormone antisera. The results showed that the numbers of three kinds of endocrine cells increased with the increase of age. 5-HT immunoreaetive cells were located throughout the gastrointestinal tract, with the highest density in the duodenum and rectum, and occasionally appeared in the pylorus. SS immunoreactive positive ceils were presented from stomachus corpus with the high density in the stomachus pylorieus, and occasionally appeared in the duodenum. Numeous immunoreactive cells were found in the stomachus corpus, and a small quantity were located in the duodenum.

The nutritional components of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch and the effects of its extracts on the weight gain of Tan sheep were studied. The results showed that G. uralensis had higher nutritional level. As a kind of forage, G. uralensis could meet the requirements of ruminant to common nutritional components and it was a kind of good forage plant. Adding the extracts from G. uralensis in the diet could improve the weight gain of Tan sheep.

To provide materials for further study on the biological characteristics and immunological functions of monocyte macrophage,bovine peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated by using bovine lymphocyte separation medium and incubated in RPMI 1640 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum for 5 days. The cell morphology was observed by inverted microscope and surface characteristic marker CD14 of monocyte macrophages was detected by using flow cytometry. The results showed that the obtained adherent cells had the morphological characteristics and immunophenotype of macrophage. Through the morphological observation and identification by flow cytometry, bovine peripheral blood monocyte macrophage was successfully obtained.

Using the sunshine hours data at three representative observation stations of Chaoyang area in Liaoning Province during 1963-2012, the general characteristic laws of sunshine hour evolution in Chaoyang City in recent 50 years were analyzed by using linear trend estimation, accumulated anomaly and other methods. The results showed that the sunshine hour in Chaoyang area in recent years showed a decreasing trend.

Using the daily average temperature and rainfall data from March to August during 1959-2012 at weather station in Ningcheng County of Inner Mongolia, adopting the calculation method of comprehensive weather drought index （CI） in national standards Weather Drought Grades, the drought grades in this area from June to August were divided and the days with the grade of slight drought in each month were counted. The summer drought occurrence laws and annual change characteristics in Ningcheng County in recent 54 years were analyzed and the typical drought years were selected to analyze the effects of air temperature and rainfall on the drought, so as to provide reference basis for reahzing the targets of ecological agriculture and high- efficiency agriculture, developing and utilizing the climatic resources reasonably and disaster prevention and reduction.

The grazing behaviors of young Sanhe Cattle in an area 1 km from the south of Shertara breed cattle farm in Hulunbeier City of Inner Mongolia were observed from July to August of 2012. The results showed that young Sanhe Cattle had 7-8 cycles of resting （rumination）-feeding- resting within 24 hours and the order was the feeding time 〉resting time〉ruminant time〉standing time. The rumination speed in different rumination cycles had no significant differences （P 〉0.05 ）. Sanhe Cattle had 11 times of defecation and 12 times of urination within 24 hours. While, other activities only took a very short time.

The use of microbial fermentation system to take erythritol shows prospects, and the development of its unique attracts the attention of many domestic research institutes and manufacturers, but the high production cost has limited the development of erythritol industry, so reducing the the cost of production of erythritol is the fundamental way to promote the industrial development of erythritol industry. In this experiment, the optimal medium ratio of one erythritol high-yielding strain Candida lipolytica Screened by Shandong Longlive Bio-technology Co., Ltd. Laboratory was taken as material was studied through single factor and orthogonal experiments to improve yield and reduce costs in the actual production.

The distribution of soil salinity ions content and water content of the Reaumuria soongorica desert in Alxa Zuoqi was studied, and its correlation and regression analysis were carried out. The results showed that the content of cations Na＋ was mainly in the soil salt in the Reaumuria soongorica desert of ALxa Zuoqi, and the anion was mainly SO42-. In the vertical distribution, the ion contents of Mg＋, Na＋, Cl- and SO4^2- increased with the increase of depth, whereas the contents of K~, CO32- and HCO3- decreased with the increase of depth. The soil water content of three districts like Wuliji, Changliushui and Luanjingtan ranged from 1.39% to 8.01% in Alxa Zuoqi, with an average water content of 5.02%. There was significantly linear relationship between soil water content and Mg2＋, C1- and SO4^2- of soil salinity ions in desert grasslands of Reaumuria soongorica among three districts of Alxa Zuoqi.

The rams which haven＇t been castrated were fed with mixture dietary of high dosage of phosphate and magnesium contents under free water intake condition. After one month of feeding, the control group appeared normal and occurred irrelevant urinary calculi symptoms, whereas high serum magnesium and phosphorous levels were present in the experimental group. Crystallographic analysis of urinary sediments shows same morphology as guanite. Urinary calculi that consist of phosphate and magnesium were observed by anatomic study of anuria rams. It is revealed that mixture dietary of high dosage of phosphate and magnesium contents is the potential cause of ram urinary calculi, stone formation is related to the higher phosphate and magnesium contents in dietary.

Taking the estrus female rabbits as experiment materials,the comprehensive experiment on the effects of drugs on the isolated small intestine, trachea and uterine smooth muscle was designed with three constant-temperature smooth muscle tanks and a MedLab system. Only a rabbit was needed for three experiments ,which could fully save experimental animals ,expense and time.

Protein kinase has the potential catalytic ability and can transfer γ- phosphate group of ATP to specific amino acid residue of protein substrate ,thereby phosphorylates the target protein. According to specificity of the amino acid on the substrate, protein kinase can be subdivided into serine/threonine kinase and tyrosine kinase. Protein kinase plays an important regulating action during DNA replication and mitotic process. Protein kinase also plays an important role in the transcription process, such as the nuclear translocation of transcription factors, regulation of binding of transcripttion factors to DNA and activation of transcription factors. There is a close relationship between phosphorylation of protein kinase and tumorigenesis, then it can make a series of cell response happened as the change of gene expression and so on, eventually lead to the occurrence and development of cancer.

Under the influence of climate change in recent year, it＇s becoming warmer and drier in desert steppe. Taking villages in Siziwang Banner, Ulanchabu City, Inner Mongolia as an example, based on different climate change scenario, by using optimal management model for household farms, the adaptive practices to climate change and revenue brought by these practices were analyzed to enhance the ability to adapt changing climate and reduce the unpredictability of extreme weather event affect local farms.

Through wet tomato residue and corn stalk were mixed according to 1：1, and mixed silage were prepared by inoculating Lactobacillus plantarum,complex bacteria and Aspergillus oryzae or no inoculating, respectively,the effects of inoculation different strains on fermentation quality and digestibility of mixed silage were evaluated. Results showed that,inoculate silages could increase the content of lactic acid and decrease pH value, and the performance were in order of complex bacteria 〉 Aspergillus oryzae 〉 Lactobacillus plantarum. Inoculating Aspergillus oryzae could significantly increase the crude protein content and dry matter digestibility of mixed silage notable which reached 14.76% and 78.84% , respectively （P 〈0.01 ）. The comprehensive evaluation results showed that the inoculation performance of A spergillus oryzae on tomato residue and corn stalk mixed silage was higher than those of complex bacteria and Lactobacillus plantarum, and the effect of Lactobacillus plantarum was the worst.

Three treatments of control group （CK）, lactic acid bacteria 1 （LAB1, 2.5 g/t） and lactic acid bacteria 2 （LAB2, 5.0 g/t） with three replicates were set up to study the effect of lactic acid bacteria on qualities of Achnatherum splendens silage. The results showed that the fermentation quality of CK was poor. Compared with CK, the lactic acid bacteria in the silage could reduce pH value and increase the content of lactic acid and in vitro digestibility of DM significantly. It is indicated that treating Achnatherum splenderts with lactic acid bacteria could improve the silage quality and feeding value.

Clostridium b utyricum has its particular biological function. It can adjust the balance of intestinal flora,activate the immunity system, enhance the body immunity, inhibit tumors ,producing probiotics, promote the growth and recovery of intestinal epithelial cells, produce many kinds of enzymes, improve the feed conversion rate,promote animal growth,etc. C. butyricum showed strong tolerances to high temperature, acid and bile, so it can better adapt to farms and its storage environment compared with lactic acid bacteria and yeast strain. C. butyricum can easily colonize in the animal intestines and play its roles. Therefore C. butyricum has wide application prospects. Nowadays C. butyricum has been widely used in animal production. And it would become the preferred species of animal micro-ecological agents in the future.

The nutritional components of fish muscles had the characteristics of high protein, low fat content a variety of essential amino acids for human, unsaturated fatty acids and minerals. The effects of protein （amino acids）, fat, minerals, vitamin and other nutritional elements in fish muscles on human health and functions were expounded. The research results showed that it was very important for human health to often eat fish.

Practical teaching system is the key to achieve talent cultivation target. Aiming at the existent problems in practical teaching of dairy processing and detection course in higher vocational college ,according to job requirements of dairy enterprises, some corresponding reform measures were put forward in order to improve practical operation abilities and overall quality of students.

The effects of PBL teaching mode in the experimental teaching of Pharmacology in application-oriented colleges were discussed. Taking 30 students in Class 2 of Grade 2008 in traditional Chinese pharmacology speciality of Anhui Science and Technology University as experiment group, traditional LBL teaching mode was used in the teaching. The satisfaction degree of student in experiment group on PBL teaching mode, experimental operation ability, experimental report＇s writing and results analysis were investigated by questionnaire. The results showed that introducing PBL teaching mode into the experimental teaching of Pharmacology could significantly enhance the teaching effects, and this mode was suitable for being popularized in experimental teaching of Pharmacology in application-oriented colleges.

Veterinary medicine is the traditional specialties of agricultural colleges in China. Aimed at the problems in the veterinary medicine professional training, the reason was mainly that the students were not interested in veterinary profession. Combined with professional practical, College of Animal Science and Technology of Hebei Normal University of Science ＆ Technology not only focus on the reform and innovation of the first class, but also highlights the construction of the second class, including carrying out the brand activities, improving the level of professional skills contest, organizing students to participate in the ＂Challenge Cup＂ contest and organizing students to participate in social practice activities to develop students＇ professional interests, furthermore certain effects were achieved through practice.

With the development of animal husbandry ,the semen detection has turned from routine visual measurement to multiple combined detection. Nowadays, the indices that can be used to reflect the semen quality included semen density, vigor, viability, dynamic characteristics, acrosomal membrane integrity, the state and capacitating ability of acrosome, mitochondrial activity, fertilizing capacity, etc. The quality assessment of canine semen is of great significance for the application of artificial insemination technology and in vitro fertilization technology. The essentials of laboratory detection were confirmed by analyzing many semen indices and their correlation, so as to provide reference basis for laboratory detection of canine semen quality.

In recent years,the epidemic intensity of foot and mouth disease in China has been obviously weakened. But the prevention and control of foot and mouth disease couldn＇t be slacked because the prevalence of foot and mouth disease showed the periodicity. The epidemic situations of foot and mouth disease in China, the prevention and control of foot and mouth disease for common susceptible animals, research progress on the vaccine of foot and mouth disease and the related problems were mainly introduced, so as to provide references for preventing the outbreak of foot and mouth disease.