Abstract: Objective] The porcine interferon alpha 1 gene （PoIFNα-1） was expressed by using Escherichia coli prokaryotic expression system, and polyclonal antibodies against the recombinant protein PoIFNα-1 were prepared. [Method] The codon-optimized PoIFNα-1 gene was synthesized according to the nucleotide sequence published by GenBank, and then the synthesized PoIFNα-1 gene was cloned into the vector pET-28a. After transformation of the recombinant plasmid into E. coli BL21 （DE3） host bacteria, the recombinant bacterium was induced by using IPTG. After purification of the recombinant protein PoIFNα-1 expressed in E. coli BL21 （DE3）, the polyclonal antibodies against the recombinant protein PoIFNα-1 was prepared in Kunming mice, and then reactivity of the prepared polyclonal antibodies with native porcine interferon alpha 1 was determined by Western blot. [Result] The synthesized PoIFNα-1 gene was successfully expressed in E. coli BL21 （DE3）, and the polyclonal antibody against recombinant protein PoIFNα-1 could recognize the native porcine interferon-α-1. [Conclusion] The synthesized PoIFNα-1 gene was successfully expressed in E. coli, which provided some basis for following further research of antivirus.