Abstract: Gonadotropin-releasing hormone （GnRH） is firstly taken as a kind of hypothalamic neuropeptide, but more and more researches show that GnRH has multiple functions, such as participating in the regulation of generation of steroids, cell proliferation, fertilization, adhesion of extracellular matrix, cell migration, etc., and also plays a crucial role in the growth, reproductive behavior, pregnancy and delivery of animals. The structure and regulation of GnRH were summarized.