Abstract: The straw hiomass resources and its utilization approach were introduced, and the transforming condition from straw hiomass to fuel ethanol was analyzed. Based on the digestion characteristics of ruminants＇ rumen, the utilization mode of straw biomass that the crude fiber in straw was pretreated in the ruminants＇ rumen, the residual fiber in the feces of the ruminants was used as alcohol fermentation substrates and the residual organic matters were incorporated was proposed, so as to provide approaches for the effective utilization of straw biomass resources.