Abstract: Natural grassland resources are rich in Inner Mongolia, and its area accounts for 22% of total area of grassland in China. The satellite data currently used in remote sensing monitoring of grassland in Inner Mongolia can not meet the accuracy,efficiency and large-area application needs of remote sensing monitoring of the grassland. In this paper, the long aging, high spatial and temporal resolution, large width and high performance characteristics of GF-1 satellite data were introduced, and the application prospect of GF-1 satellite data in grassland classification, monitoring of area, productivity, grass quality, disease, pest and rat disaster, and monitoring system of grassland ecological security operations was analyzed.