Abstract: The current situation of traceability system of sheep from pastoral area in Inner Mongolia was investigated, and the difficulties and problems in establishing sheep whole industry chain traceability system in pastoral area were pointed out. Based on the investigation results, corresponding countermeasures and suggestions were proposed, so as to provide references for accelerating the construction of traceability system of sheep from pastoral area, improving brand competitiveness of sheep products from pastoral area, and increasing economic income of herdsmen from sheep breeding.