Abstract: In the present study, the population spatial distribution pattern of Meriones meridianus under varied interference conditions（reclamation region, rotational grazing region, over grazing region and banning grazing region） in Alxa desert area was assessed. In April, July and October 2016, the population size of Meriones meridianus was investigated by trap-day method, and the population spatial distribution pattern of Meriones meridianus under varied interference conditions was assessed by nearest neighbor analysis method. The results showed that the average density of Meriones meridianus was 0.53 per hm^2; the highest population density of Meriones meridianus was observed in banning grazing region（0.60 per hm^2） followed by over grazing region（0.56 per hm^2） and rotational grazing region（0.55 per hm^2）, and the lowest density was observed in reclamation region（0.39 per hm^2）; the Meriones meridianus population exhibited an aggregated distribution pattern in reclamation region, rotational grazing region, over grazing region and banning grazing region in all seasons.