Abstract: Gentamicin sulfate is one of the safer antibiotics in the clinical veterinary. Its antibacterial mechanism is to interfere the bacterial protein synthesis. In recent year, many kinds of veterinary pharmaceuticals of gentamicin sulfare are developed, and their clinical applications are increasingly widespread. In this paper, the pharmacological action and clinical application of gentamicin sulfate was reviewed by searching and consulting the literature at home and abroad, in hoping to provide reference for scientific and prudent use of gentamicin sulfate.