Abstract: Dairy goats are characterized by excellent milk quality, stable milking performance and rich nutrients in milk. The dairy goat industry has become an emerging highlight in development of animal husbandry industry. After many years of selection and breeding, China now has a number of local dairy goat varieties. With the development of molecular breeding technology, there are increasing studies on the genes associated with milk production traits of dairy goats. In this paper, the research progress on screening and function of milk production traits associated genes in dairy goat was reviewed, in hoping to provide theoretical basis for the investigation, protection and utilization of the excellent genetic resources of dairy goats.