Abstract: [Objective] To establish a drug-induced acute kidney injury model in dog.[Method] A total of 16 healthy adult beagle dogs were subcutaneously injected with 20 mg/kg gentamicin every 8 h.The serum creatinine concentration (SCr) before injection was used as the baseline,and the blood samples were recovered every 6 h after injection to determine the SCr.When there was no significant increase in SCr,SCr increased near the upper limit of normal value,and SCr increased 1.5 times to baseline,the pathological changes of renal tissue were observed,and the model of canine drug-induced acute kidney injury was determined.[Result] SCr was significantly increased at 78 h post gentamicin injection (P<0.05).The SCr of the tested dogs reached 1.5 times of the baseline during 120 h to 132 h post injection.When the SCr was 1.5 times higher than that of the baseline,the following pathological changes were observed: extensive degeneration and necrosis of renal tubules in renal cortex,increased cell debris and granules in lumen of renal tubules,the bare basement membrane,and the minor damage in renal medulla.Compared with the healthy controls,the difference in renal injury score after injection was statistically significant (P<0.05),and the renal injury gradually deteriorated with the prolonged medication time.[Conclusion] A model of canine drug-induced acute kidney injury can be successfully established by subcutaneous injection of 20 mg/kg of gentamicin every 8 h till the SCr was 1.5 times higher than that of the baseline.