Abstract: Aloe is a kind of age-old natural traditional Chinese medicine materials. It is safe, effective and easily-used and more attentions had been paid to aloe. Aloe is a kind of perennial evergreen succulent herbage of Liliaceae. Its main components were anthraquinone compounds, saccharide, amino acids, trace elements, organic acids, enzymes, saponin, lignin and plant hormone and so on. And its main functions were to regulate the physiological functions, promote the metabolism and enhance the immunity and have the roles of antidiarrheal, preventing constipation, diminishing inflammation and antibacterial action, reducing the blood pressure and blood sugar. The components, physiological functions and main efficacy of aloe were introduced.