Abstract: Growth differentiation factor 9（GDF9） is described as a new member of transforming growth factor β superfamily. In recent years, the polymorphism of GDF9 gene is found to be associated with reproductive traits of mammalian. The structure,polymorphism and physiological effects of GDF9 gene as well as the association of GDF9 polymorphism and lambing performance of ewes were reviewed. Furthermore, the research on functional genes associated with ewes reproductive traits was prospected, so as to provide references for the studies in related fields.