Abstract: 50 rats were tested by histological section method. 50 rats were divided into five groups：normal control group,the pathological model group, Niaoduqing intervention group,low-dose camel miLk group, high-dose camel milk group. After 7-day feeding adaptation, the rats in all groups except normal control group were administrated with 2% suspension that was prepared with adenine and distilled water with the dose of 200 mg/d by intragastric administration to establish chronic renal failure model from the first day of the test. And rats in Niaoduqing intervention group was administrated with 25% Niaoduqing solution by intragastrie administration and rats in low-dose camel milk group and high-dose camel milk group were administrated with camel milk at 15：00 of every day. After 28 days ,the rats were killed and kidney was taken out to make tissue sections for microscopic observation. The results show that glomeruli of kidney in pathological model group had no significant change and there were a large number of neutrophils in kidney tubules and interstitium. And some tubules were damaged and shunk,infiltration of lymphocytes and connective tissue proliferation, some tubular eetasia and obvious hyperplasia of tubular epithelium were seen. The basic pathological changes in Niaoduqing intervention group were basically consistent with that in drug administration groups, but the damage degree of kidney tubules decreased. The pathological changes in low-dose camel milk group and high-dose camel milk group were basically same with that in drug administration groups.